T-Cell Motility


Book Description

This volume discusses the latest developments in cellular, molecular, biochemical, and imaging assays to study the biology and functions of T-cells. The chapters in this book cover topics such as LFA-1/ICAM-1 interactions in T-cell motility; using 3D-SIM to dissect signaling cross-talks in motile T-cells; GapmeR-mediated gene silencing in motile T-cells; activity of cellular kinases in migrating T-cells; and computational analysis of protein-protein interactions in motile T-cells. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and comprehensive, T-Cell Motility: Methods and Protocols is an essential resource for graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and principal investigators working in the fields of immunology, T-cell biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, and imaging.




T-Cell Trafficking


Book Description

This second edition provides updated and new chapters on T-Cell trafficking. In addition to detailed experimental procedures, the interested reader will find informative introductory chapters on the relevance of T-Cell trafficking in thymic population and maturation, traffic through secondary lymphoid organs during ‘physiological’ resolving inflammation and during immune responses, as well as T-Cell trafficking in chronic inflammatory diseases. Importantly, chapters cover methods from in silico modeling of cellular interactions, in vitro adhesion assays, through ex vivo functional assays to integrated intravital modeling of T-Cell trafficking through organs. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, each methods chapter includes a short introduction to the topic, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, T-Cell Trafficking: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition aims to be an essential point of reference for those new to the field of T-Cell trafficking, or to those looking to expand their technical capabilities.




The Fluid Dynamics of Cell Motility


Book Description

A pedagogical review of the mathematical modelling in fluid dynamics necessary to understand the motility of most microorganisms on Earth.




Signaling Mechanisms Regulating T Cell Diversity and Function


Book Description

T cells play a vital role mediating adaptive immunity, a specific acquired resistance to an infectious agent produced by the introduction of an antigen. There are a variety of T cell types with different functions. They are called T cells, because they are derived from the thymus gland. This volume discusses how T cells are regulated through the operation of signaling mechanisms. Topics covered include positive and negative selection, early events in T cell receptor engagement, and various T cell subsets.




PI3K signalling


Book Description

The PI3Ks control many key functions in immune cells. PI3Ks phosphorylate PtdIns(4,5)P2 to yield PtdIns(3,4,5)P3. Initially, PI3K inhibitors such as Wortmannin, LY294002 and Rapamycin were used to establish a central role for Pi3K pathway in immune cells. Considerable progress in understanding the role of this pathway in cells of the immune system has been made in recent years, starting with analysis of various PI3K and Pten knockout mice and subsequently mTOR and Foxo knockout mice. Together, these experiments have revealed how PI3Ks control B cell and T cell development, T helper cell differentiation, regulatory T cell development and function, B cell and T cell trafficking, immunoglobulin class switching and much, much more. The PI3Kd inhibitor idelalisib has recently been approved for the treatment of B cell lymphoma. Clinical trials of other PI3K inhibitors in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases are also in progress. This is an opportune time to consider a Research Topic considering when what we have learned about the PI3K signalling module in lymphocyte biology and how this is making an impact on clinical immunology and haematology.




The Theory of Polymer Dynamics


Book Description

This book provides a comprehensive account of the modern theory for the dynamical properties of polymer solutions. The theory has undergone dramatic evolution over the last two decades due to the introduction of new methods and concepts that have extended the frontier of theory from dilute solutions in which polymers move independently to concentrated solutions where many polymers converge. Among the properties examined are viscoelasticity, diffusion, dynamic light scattering, and electric birefringence. Nonlinear viscoelasticity is discussed in detail on the basis of molecular dynamical models. The book bridges the gap between classical theory and new developments, creating a consistent picture of polymer solution dynamics over the entire concentration range.







Cytoskeleton


Book Description

The cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic intracellular platform constituted by a three-dimensional network of proteins responsible for key cellular roles as structure and shape, cell growth and development, and offering to the cell with "motility" that being the ability of the entire cell to move and for material to be moved within the cell in a regulated fashion (vesicle trafficking). The present edition of Cytoskeleton provides new insights into the structure-functional features, dynamics, and cytoskeleton's relationship to diseases. The authors' contribution in this book will be of substantial importance to a wide audience such as clinicians, researches, educators, and students interested in getting updated knowledge about molecular basis of cytoskeleton, such as regulation of cell vital processes by actin-binding proteins as cell morphogenesis, motility, their implications in cell signaling, as well as strategies for clinical trial and alternative therapies based in multitargeting molecules to tackle diseases, that is, cancer.




Arrest chemokines


Book Description

Arrest chemokines are a small group of chemokines that promote leukocyte arrest from rolling by triggering rapid integrin activation. Arrest chemokines have been described for neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils, naïve lymphocytes and effector memory T cells. Most arrest chemokines are immobilized on the endothelial surface by binding to heparin sulfate proteoglycans. Whether soluble chemokines can promote integrin activation and arrest is controversial (Alon-Gerszten). Many aspects of the signaling pathway from the GPCR chemokine receptor to integrin activation are the subject of active investigation. Leukocyte adhesion deficiency III is a human disease in which chemokine-triggered integrin activation is defective because of a mutation in the cytoskeletal protein kindlin-3. About 10 different such mutations have been described. The defects seen in patients with LAD-III elucidate the importance of rapid integrin activation for host defense in humans. We welcome reports that help clarifying this crucial first step in the process of leukocyte transendothelial migration.




Cell Biology by the Numbers


Book Description

A Top 25 CHOICE 2016 Title, and recipient of the CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title (OAT) Award. How much energy is released in ATP hydrolysis? How many mRNAs are in a cell? How genetically similar are two random people? What is faster, transcription or translation?Cell Biology by the Numbers explores these questions and dozens of others provid