Tackling Obesity in England


Book Description

In Britain, between 1980 and 1998, the number of people classified as obese tripled to 21per cent of women and 17 per cent of men. It is estimated that this costs the economy, as a whole, �2 billion and the NHS �0.5 billion in treatment. However the response of the NHS is patchy, with no national guidelines and only 28% of health authorities taking action to address the problem. There is little activity related to the management of obesity outside of general practice but only a small proportion of GPs follow a protocol. This report recommends that there should be strategies to reduce obesity and that the Department of Health should build on the plan in the National Service Framework on coronary heart disease and work with partners and professional bodies to clarify responsibilities. It should also work with the National Institute of Clinical excellence to disseminate information. The Department of Health should also lead a cross government strategy to promote the benefits of physical activity and there should be local targets to encourage cycling and walking. It should also work with the food industry to improve the balance of diet. Much of this work needs to be aimed at school children to promote a healthy lifestyle throughout life and guidance to schools on commercial sponsorship should be strengthened so that there is no conflict with messages on healthy eating.




Healthy lives, healthy people


Book Description

The Government recognises that many lifestyle-driven health problems are at alarming levels: obesity; high rates of sexually transmitted infections; a relatively large population of drug users; rising levels of harm from alcohol; 80,000 deaths a year from smoking; poor mental health; health inequalities between rich and poor. This white paper outlines the Government's proposals to protect the population from serious health threats; help people live longer, healthier and more fulfilling lives; and improve the health of the poorest. It aims to empower individuals to make healthy choices and give communities and local government the freedom, responsibility and funding to innovate and develop ways of improving public health in their area. The paper responds to Sir Michael Marmot's strategic review of health inequalities in England post 2010 - "Fair society, healthy lives" (available at http://www.marmotreview.org/AssetLibrary/pdfs/Reports/FairSocietyHealthyLives.pdf) and adopts its life course framework for tackling the wider social determinants of health. A new dedicated public health service - Public Health England - will be created to ensure excellence, expertise and responsiveness, particularly on health protection where a national response is vital. The paper gives a timetable showing how the proposals will be implemented and an annex sets out a vision of the role of the Director of Public Health. The Department is also publishing a fuller story on the health of England in "Our health and wellbeing today" (http://www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/@dh/@en/@ps/documents/digitalasset/dh_122238.pdf), detailing the challenges and opportunities, and in 2011 will issue documents on major public health issues.




Obesity and the Economics of Prevention Fit not Fat


Book Description

This book examines the scale and characteristics of the obesity epidemic, the respective roles and influence of market forces and governments, and the impact of interventions.




Tackling child obesity - first steps


Book Description

The Committee of Public Accounts has set out a number of conclusions and recommendations on tackling child obesity, including: that the Public Service Agreement target set by three Government Departments (Health, Education and Culture, Media & Sport), needs to improve in both their responses to this matter and leadership; the complex delivery chain for tackling child obesity, which involves 26 different bodies, needs a set of clear measures to judge performance and contribution; parents need to be engaged with this project, with high profile messages and advice readily available outlining the risk of obesity; the Department of Health's national programme to measure children for obesity in the primary schools of England, should have in place a mechanism for informing individual parents if their child is obese; with a two year delay between the Health Survey for England and the publication of results, Departments should use annual data from weighing and measuring in schools to gauge performance in tackling obesity; the Departments should encourage the growth in the retail market for healthy food and drink for children; Ofcom should liaise with Departments to monitor and assess its new restrictions on the advertising of unhealthy foods; there is scope for encouraging children to lead more active lifestyles, with local authorities and schools providing more public facilities, in 2003-04, 72 playing fields were created against 52 lost, while 131 swimming pools were opened against 27 closed. The background to this report offers a picture of increasing child obesity, with a steady rise in the number of children aged 2-10 who are obese, from 9.9% in 1995 to 13.4% in 2004. Overall it is estimated obesity already costs around £1 billion a year and the UK economy a further £2.3 to £2.6 billion in indirect costs.




Preventing Childhood Obesity


Book Description

Children's health has made tremendous strides over the past century. In general, life expectancy has increased by more than thirty years since 1900 and much of this improvement is due to the reduction of infant and early childhood mortality. Given this trajectory toward a healthier childhood, we begin the 21st-century with a shocking developmentâ€"an epidemic of obesity in children and youth. The increased number of obese children throughout the U.S. during the past 25 years has led policymakers to rank it as one of the most critical public health threats of the 21st-century. Preventing Childhood Obesity provides a broad-based examination of the nature, extent, and consequences of obesity in U.S. children and youth, including the social, environmental, medical, and dietary factors responsible for its increased prevalence. The book also offers a prevention-oriented action plan that identifies the most promising array of short-term and longer-term interventions, as well as recommendations for the roles and responsibilities of numerous stakeholders in various sectors of society to reduce its future occurrence. Preventing Childhood Obesity explores the underlying causes of this serious health problem and the actions needed to initiate, support, and sustain the societal and lifestyle changes that can reverse the trend among our children and youth.




Interdisciplinary Nutritional Management and Care for Older Adults


Book Description

Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Part I: Nutritional Care in Geriatrics -- 1: Overview of Nutrition Care in Geriatrics and Orthogeriatrics -- 1.1 Defining Malnutrition -- 1.2 Nutrition Care in Older Adults: A Complex and Necessary Challenge -- 1.3 Malnutrition: A Truly Wicked Problem -- 1.4 Building the Rationale for Integrated Nutrition Care -- 1.5 Managing the Wicked Nutrition Problems with a SIMPLE Approach (or Other Tailored Models) -- 1.5.1 Keep It SIMPLE When Appropriate -- 1.5.2 A SIMPLE Case Example -- 1.5.2.1 S-Screen for Malnutrition -- 1.5.2.2 I-Interdisciplinary Assessment -- 1.5.2.3 M-Make the Diagnosis (es) -- 1.5.2.4 P-Plan with the Older Adult -- 1.5.2.5 L-Implement Interventions -- 1.5.2.6 E-Evaluate Ongoing Care Requirements -- 1.6 Bringing It All Together: Integrated Nutrition Care Across the Four Pillars of (Ortho) Geriatric Care -- 1.7 Summary: Finishing Off with a List of New Questions -- References -- Recommended Reading -- 2: Nutritional Requirements in Geriatrics -- 2.1 Nutritional Recommendations for Older Adults, Geriatric and Orthogeriatric Patients -- 2.2 Nutritional Recommendations for Older Adults -- 2.2.1 Energy Requirement and Recommended Intake -- 2.2.2 Protein Requirement and Recommended Intake -- 2.2.3 Micronutrients and Dietary Fibers -- 2.3 Nutritional Risk Factors in Older Adults -- 2.4 Estimating Intake in Older Adults -- 2.5 Nutritional Status of Older Adults, Geriatric and Orthogeriatric Patients -- 2.6 Summary -- References -- Recommended Reading -- 3: Nutritional Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment in Geriatrics -- 3.1 The Nutrition Care Process -- 3.2 Nutritional Screening/Risk Detection -- 3.3 Nutritional Assessment and Diagnosis -- 3.3.1 Nutrition Impact Symptoms -- 3.3.2 Nutritional Diagnosis -- 3.3.3 Etiologic Criteria.




Bridging the Evidence Gap in Obesity Prevention


Book Description

To battle the obesity epidemic in America, health care professionals and policymakers need relevant, useful data on the effectiveness of obesity prevention policies and programs. Bridging the Evidence Gap in Obesity Prevention identifies a new approach to decision making and research on obesity prevention to use a systems perspective to gain a broader understanding of the context of obesity and the many factors that influence it.




Fair Society, Healthy Lives


Book Description




Obesity: Oral and written evidence


Book Description

Obesity : Third Report of Session 2003-04




Handbook of Obesity - Volume 2


Book Description

Several major developments have occurred since the last edition of Handbook of Obesity: Clinical Applications, including new clinical trials, discoveries related to drug use, and greater understanding of the benefits of weight loss in obese patients. Now in its fourth edition, this volume continues to offer unparalleled depth and breadth of coverag