Test No. 443: Extended One-Generation Reproductive Toxicity Study


Book Description

This Test Guideline is designed to provide an evaluation of reproductive and developmental effects that may occur as a result of pre- and postnatal chemical exposure as well as an evaluation of systemic toxicity in pregnant and lactating females and ...




OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 443: Extended One-Generation Reproductive Toxicity Study


Book Description

This Test Guideline is designed to provide an evaluation of reproductive and developmental effects that may occur as a result of pre- and postnatal chemical exposure as well as an evaluation of systemic toxicity in pregnant and lactating females and ...




Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology


Book Description

This meticulous volume covers metabolism and drug-drug interactions during pregnancy, critical periods of developmental toxicology, in vivo and alternative methods to assess potential developmental toxicity for drugs and chemicals, and effects of chemicals on testes and mammary glands. Evaluation of developmental and reproductive toxicology endpoints is an integral part of the safety assessment process for compounds with potential use in women of childbearing age or females that might be exposed during pregnancy as well as men of reproductive potential. The in vivo assessments included here are guideline-driven and are required for submissions for product approval. Written for the Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology series, this collection includes the kind of detailed implementation advice necessary for success in the lab. Authoritative and practical, Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology is an ideal resource for researchers working in this vital field of study./div




Test No. 422: Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with the Reproduction/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test


Book Description

The test substance is administered in graduated doses to several groups of males and females. Males should be dosed for a minimum of four weeks; females should be dosed throughout the study (approximately 54 days). Normally, matings “one male to one ...




OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 426: Developmental Neurotoxicity Study


Book Description

A developmental neurotoxicity study will provide information on the effects of repeated exposure to a substance during in utero and early postnatal development. The test substance is administered daily, generally orally, to mated females (rats are ...




Poisonous Plants and Phytochemicals in Drug Discovery


Book Description

Focusing on phytochemicals and their potential for drug discovery, this book offers a comprehensive resource on poisonous plants and their applications in chemistry and in pharmacology. Provides a comprehensive resource on phytotoxins, covering historical perspectives, modern applications, and their potential in drug discovery Covers the mechanisms, benefits, risks and management protocols of phytotoxins in a scientific laboratory and the usefulness in drug discovery Presents chapters in a carefully designed, clear order, making it an ideal resource for the academic researcher or the industry professional at any stage in their career




OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 4 Test No. 414: Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study


Book Description

This Test Guideline for developmental toxicity testing is designed to provide general information concerning the effects of prenatal exposure on the pregnant test animal and on the developing organism. The test substance is normally administered to ...







Mixture Toxicity


Book Description

In the last decade and a half, great progress has been made in the development of concepts and models for mixture toxicity, both in human and environmental toxicology. However, due to their different protection goals, developments have often progressed in parallel but with little integration. Arguably the first book to clearly link ecotoxicology an




How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease


Book Description

This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.