The Neurologic Examination


Book Description

Table of Contents Table of Boxes Preface Explanatory Notes Chapter 1 Diagnosis of Neurological Diseases (General Principle) Chapter 2 History Taking Chapter 3 Physical Examination Chapter 4 Evaluation of Consciousness Chapter 5 Brainstem and Cranial Nerve Territories Chapter 6 Olfactory Sensation Chapter 7 Visual Functions Chapter 8 Pupils and Accommodation Chapter 9 Extraocular Muscles, Gaze, and Eye Movements Chapter 10 Trigeminal Nerve Chapter 11 Facial Nerve Chapter 12 Auditory Function Chapter 13 Sense of Equilibrium Chapter 14 Swallowing, Phonation, and Articulation Chapter 15 Neck and Trunk Chapter 16 Motor Functions Chapter 17 Tendon Reflexes and Pathologic Reflexes Chapter 18 Involuntary Movements Chapter 19 Somatosensory Function Chapter 20 Autonomic Nervous System Chapter 21 Posture and Gait Chapter 22 Mental and Cognitive Functions Chapter 23 Aphasia, Apraxia, and Agnosia Chapter 24 Paroxysmal and Functional Disorders Chapter 25 Ion Channel Disorders Chapter 26 Psychogenic Neurological Diseases Chapter 27 Thalamus Chapter 28 Hypothalamus and Neuroendocrinology Chapter 29 Neurological Emergency Chapter 30 Disability, Functional Recovery, and Prognosis Chapter 31 How to Plan Laboratory Tests Afterword: For Those Who Wish to Study Neurology.




Eye Movement Disorders in Clinical Practice


Book Description

In Eye Movement Disorders in Clinical Practice, a leading expert with over thirty years of teaching experience in neurology and neuro-ophthalmology offers comprehensive instruction on the diagnosis and treatment of all varieties of eye movement disorders. This important new text reflects the importance of correlating clinical signs of disorders in the oculomotor system with their neuroanatomic and neurophysiologic architecture. With its focus on signs and symptoms, the book advances lesion localization of eye movement disorders as the central clinical concern. The reader is also presented with a fresh review of bedside examination techniques in the ER, ICU, and walk-in clinic; productive ways of taking a clinical history; sign interpretation; source lesion localization; and, where appropriate, therapy. Unlike most of the titles on eye movement disorders, this book's chapters are arranged according to objective signs - like ptosis, neuromuscular syndromes, dizziness, vertigo, and syndromes of the medulla - rather than disease entities. This emphasis on the topographic analysis of symptoms and signs is contrary to the prevailing clinical approach in which responsibility for therapy typically drives the clinician to arrive at an etiological diagnosis as rapidly as possible. At risk in this process is nothing less than the art of clinical medicine. One of the aims of this book is to reverse this process, and move clinicians back to the observation and interpretation of signs. The text features over 100 clinical cases, each one challenging the reader to determine the neuroanatomical location of the patient's lesion. This exercise provides the anatomical guidance needed to make critical diagnostic and management decisions in patients who often present with abnormal eye movements. Dynamic and intellectually stimulating, Eye Movement Disorders in Clinical Practice is essential for any reader wanting to better understand eye movement disorders.







Visual Impairments


Book Description

When children and adults apply for disability benefits and claim that a visual impairment has limited their ability to function, the U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA) is required to determine their eligibility. To ensure that these determinations are made fairly and consistently, SSA has developed criteria for eligibility and a process for assessing each claimant against the criteria. Visual Impairments: Determining Eligibility for Social Security Benefits examines SSA's methods of determining disability for people with visual impairments, recommends changes that could be made now to improve the process and the outcomes, and identifies research needed to develop improved methods for the future. The report assesses tests of visual function, including visual acuity and visual fields whether visual impairments could be measured directly through visual task performance or other means of assessing disability. These other means include job analysis databases, which include information on the importance of vision to job tasks or skills, and measures of health-related quality of life, which take a person-centered approach to assessing visual function testing of infants and children, which differs in important ways from standard adult tests.




Trigeminocardiac Reflex


Book Description

Trigeminocardiac Reflex is a comprehensive tutorial reference to the science, diagnosis, and possible treatment of the trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) that is usually initiated when the trigeminal nerve is disturbed during intercranial surgery. Since first reported in 1999 by co-Editor Bernhard Schaller, the research focused on TCR is expanding. While its instance is rare, new discoveries are not only increasing diagnosis, but also providing more effective treatment protocols. This text is ideal as a reference for clinical and research neurologists, as a general introduction for clinical presentation, and as a foundation for new research. - Represents the first tutorial reference focused on the Trigeminocardiac Reflex (TCR) - Content organized by two of the leading scientists in the area, Dr. Tumul Chowdhury (University of Manitoba) and Prof. Bernhard Schaller (University of Southampton) - Defines TCR, its onset, and possible treatments - Establishes a knowledge base for the future study of the TCR and treatment protocols










Eye Movement Disorders


Book Description

There is perhaps no area of neuro-ophthalmology that is advancing more rapidly with respect to an understanding of its anatomy and physiology than the ocular motor system. For this reason, it is difficult not only to keep up with the latest information concerning the basic mechanisms involved in the control of eye movements but also to remain up to date regarding the pathophysiology of specific disorders of eye movement. The material in this book is derived from a two-day course on eye movements held in The Netherlands in 1986. The course was designed as an introduction to the normal ocular motor system and to disorders of eye movements and was aimed toward orthoptists, ophthalmolo gists, optometrists, neurologists, and neurosurgeons. The chapters in this book were compiled by a trio of experts in the field of eye movements and contain discussions of anatomy and physiology of the ocular motor system, techniques of examination of patients with diplopia, and pathophysiology of specific disorders of ocular motility. Many of the authors of these chapters are among the most active investigators of eye movements in the world today, and their comments thus reflect the latest information in the field. This text is both basic and com prehensive and thus has something for everyone, from the student just beginning a study of the ocular motor system to the seasoned 'veteran' who wishes to know the latest information regarding central ocular motor control mechanisms. Neil R.