Textbook Of Structural Biology (Second Edition)


Book Description

This book provides a comprehensive coverage of the basic principles of structural biology, as well as an up-to-date summary of some main directions of research in the field. The relationship between structure and function is described in detail for soluble proteins, membrane proteins, membranes, and nucleic acids.There are several books covering protein structure and function, but none that give a complete picture, including nucleic acids, lipids, membranes and carbohydrates, all being of central importance in structural biology.The book covers state-of-the-art research in various areas. It is unique for its breadth of coverage by experts in the fields. The book is richly illustrated with more than 400 color figures to highlight the wide range of structures.




The World of Peptides


Book Description

Almost two centuries ago proteins were recognized as the primary materials (proteios = primary) oflife, but the significance and wide role of peptides (from pepsis = digestion) in practically all life pro cesses has only become apparent in the last few decades. Biologi cally active peptides are now being discovered at rapid intervals in the brain and in other organs including the heart, in the skin of amphibians and many other tissues. Peptides and peptide-like compounds are found among toxins and antibiotics. It is unlikely that this process, an almost explosive broadening of the field, will come to a sudden halt. By now it is obvious that Nature has used the combination of a small to moderate number of amino acids to generate a great variety of agonists with specific and often highly sophisticated functions. Thus, peptide chemistry must be regarded as a discipline in its own right, a major branch of biochemistry, fairly separate from the chemistry of proteins. Because of the important role played by synthesis both in the study and in the practical preparation of peptides, their area can be considered as belonging to bio-organic chemistry as well. The already overwhelming and still increasing body of know ledge renders an account of the history of peptide chemistry more and more difficult. It appears therefore timely to look back, to take stock and to recall the important stages in the development of a new discipline.




Hydrogen Exchange Mass Spectrometry of Proteins


Book Description

Hydrogen exchange mass spectrometry is widely recognized for its ability to probe the structure and dynamics of proteins. The application of this technique is becoming widespread due to its versatility for providing structural information about challenging biological macromolecules such as antibodies, flexible proteins and glycoproteins. Although the technique has been around for 25 years, this is the first definitive book devoted entirely to the topic. Hydrogen Exchange Mass Spectrometry of Proteins: Fundamentals, Methods and Applications brings into one comprehensive volume the theory, instrumentation and applications of Hydrogen Exchange Mass Spectrometry (HX-MS) - a technique relevant to bioanalytical chemistry, protein science and pharmaceuticals. The book provides a solid foundation in the basics of the technique and data interpretation to inform readers of current research in the method, and provides illustrative examples of its use in bio- and pharmaceutical chemistry and biophysics In-depth chapters on the fundamental theory of hydrogen exchange, and tutorial chapters on measurement and data analysis provide the essential background for those ready to adopt HX-MS. Expert users may advance their current understanding through chapters on methods including membrane protein analysis, alternative proteases, millisecond hydrogen exchange, top-down mass spectrometry, histidine exchange and method validation. All readers can explore the diversity of HX-MS applications in areas such as ligand binding, membrane proteins, drug discovery, therapeutic protein formulation, biocomparability, and intrinsically disordered proteins.




Advances in Peptide and Peptidomimetic Design Inspiring Basic Science and Drug Discovery


Book Description

Advances in Peptide and Peptidomimetic Design Inspiring Basic Science and Drug Discovery is a book dedicated to Prof. Victor J. Hruby on the occasion of his 80th birthday. This book includes twenty contributions from authors representing diverse multidisciplinary fields of scientific expertise, and is focused on the extraordinary potential of peptides and peptidomimetics as a surging therapeutic modality and as tools for basic research and technology development.




Protein Actions: Principles and Modeling


Book Description

Protein Actions: Principles and Modeling is aimed at graduates, advanced undergraduates, and any professional who seeks an introduction to the biological, chemical, and physical properties of proteins. Broadly accessible to biophysicists and biochemists, it will be particularly useful to student and professional structural biologists and molecular biophysicists, bioinformaticians and computational biologists, biological chemists (particularly drug designers) and molecular bioengineers. The book begins by introducing the basic principles of protein structure and function. Some readers will be familiar with aspects of this, but the authors build up a more quantitative approach than their competitors. Emphasizing concepts and theory rather than experimental techniques, the book shows how proteins can be analyzed using the disciplines of elementary statistical mechanics, energetics, and kinetics. These chapters illuminate how proteins attain biologically active states and the properties of those states. The book ends with a synopsis the roles of computational biology and bioinformatics in protein science.




Peptides


Book Description

Peptides play a decisive role in many physiological processes, whether as neurotransmitters, hormones or antibiotics. The rapid developments in peptide research over the past few decades make it almost impossible for newcomers to gain an overview. This means an easily comprehensible yet concise introduction is vital. This unique work covers all the important aspects of this wide-ranging field in one handy volume. On the basis of the fundamental chemical and structural properties of peptides, this reference runs the gamut from analysis, the occurrence and biological importance of peptides, via chemical, biochemical and genetic methods of peptide synthesis, right up to peptide libraries, peptide design and their role in drug research. Yet this book offers much more than a mere overview of the latest level of research. An encyclopedic appendix with valuable data on more than 500 biological relevant peptides and proteins, a comprehensive register and details of further literature references make this the ideal reference for all questions regarding peptide research. For newcomers and specialists alike. On the basis of the fundamental chemical and structural properties of peptides, this reference runs the gamut from analysis, the occurrence and biological importance of peptides.




Protein Conformation


Book Description

How the amino acid sequence of a protein determines its three-dimensional structure is a major problem in biology and chemistry. Leading experts in the fields of NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, protein engineering and molecular modeling offer provocative insights into current views on the protein folding problem and various aspects for future progress.




Nature's Robots


Book Description

Proteins are amazingly versatile molecules. They make the chemical reactions happen that form the basis for life, they transmit signals in the body, they identify and kill foreign invaders, they form the engines that make us move, and they record visual images. All of this is now common knowledge, but it was not so a hundred years ago. Nature's Robots is an authoritative history of protein science, from the origins of protein research in the nineteenth century, when the chemical constitution of 'protein' was first studied and heatedly debated and when there was as yet no glimmer of the functional potential of substances in the 'protein' category, to the determination of the first structures of individual proteins at atomic resolution - when positions of individual atoms were first specified exactly and bonding between neighbouring atoms precisely defined. Tanford and Reynolds, who themselves made major contributions to the golden age of protein science, have written a remarkably vivid account of this history. It is a fascinating story, involving heroes from the past, working mostly alone or in small groups, usually with little support from formal research groups. It is also a story that embraces a number of historically important scientific controversies. Written in clear and accessible prose, Nature's Robots will appeal to general readers with an interest in popular science, in addition to professional scientists and historians of science.




Protein and Peptide Folding, Misfolding, and Non-Folding


Book Description

Sheds new light on intrinsically disordered proteins and peptides, including their role in neurodegenerative diseases With the discovery of intrinsically disordered proteins and peptides (IDPs), researchers realized that proteins do not necessarily adopt a well defined secondary and tertiary structure in order to perform biological functions. In fact, IDPs play biologically relevant roles, acting as inhibitors, scavengers, and even facilitating DNA/RNA-protein interactions. Due to their propensity for self-aggregation and fibril formation, some IDPs are involved in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. With contributions from leading researchers, this text reviews the most recent studies, encapsulating our understanding of IDPs. The authors explain how the growing body of IDP research is building our knowledge of the folding process, the binding of ligands to receptor molecules, and peptide self-aggregation. Readers will discover a variety of experimental, theoretical, and computational approaches used to better understand the properties and function of IDPs. Moreover, they'll discover the role of IDPs in human disease and as drug targets. Protein and Peptide Folding, Misfolding, and Non-Folding begins with an introduction that explains why research on IDPs has significantly expanded in the past few years. Next, the book is divided into three sections: Conformational Analysis of Unfolded States Disordered Peptides and Molecular Recognition Aggregation of Disordered Peptides Throughout the book, detailed figures help readers understand the structure, properties, and function of IDPs. References at the end of each chapter serve as a gateway to the growing body of literature in the field. With the publication of Protein and Peptide Folding, Misfolding, and Non-Folding, researchers now have a single place to discover IDPs, their diverse biological functions, and the many disciplines that have contributed to our evolving understanding of them.