Lord Salisbury and Nationality in the East


Book Description

This study explains how Salisbury viewed cultural conflicts between the East and the West, how he treated Oriental nationality and nationalist aspirations in British dominions in the East, and how he directed British policy in the Eastern world in a time when the Western Powers were plunging into a struggle for spheres of predominance. In pursuit of British imperial interests, Salisbury was outwardly determined, but acutely aware of the inherent moral conflicts. He understood that the expansion of Europe was inevitable, but, taking into account the rights and feelings of the Eastern nations, he endeavoured to reduce his country’s impact on the peoples subjected to British control. Hence his preference for the generally peaceful invasion effected by informal empire. Following an introductory discussion on Salisbury’s ideas and policy, particularly in the light of his treatment of nationality, this research investigates his record in India, Turkey, Egypt, and China to argue for a strikingly sympathetic attitude in his dealings with Eastern nationalities. While it is a truism to say that British imperialism was coloured by Christian beliefs and liberal principles, it has not yet been appreciated how far Salisbury succeeded in reconciling the moral and practical demands of Western civilization upon itself with the requirements of power.







Public Health in British India


Book Description

After years of neglect the last decade has witnessed a surge of interest in the medical history of India under colonial rule. This is the first major study of public health in British India. It covers many previously unresearched areas such as European attitudes towards India and its inhabitants, and the way in which these were reflected in medical literature and medical policy; the fate of public health at local level under Indian control; and the effects of quarantine on colonial trade and the pilgrimage to Mecca. The book places medicine within the context of debates about the government of India, and relations between rulers and ruled. In emphasising the active role of the indigenous population, and in its range of material, it differs significantly from most other work conducted in this subject area.




Empire and Information


Book Description

In a penetrating account of the evolution of British intelligence gathering in India, C. A. Bayly shows how networks of Indian spies were recruited by the British to secure military, political and social information about their subjects. He also examines the social and intellectual origins of these 'native informants', and considers how the colonial authorities interpreted and often misinterpreted the information they supplied. It was such misunderstandings which ultimately contributed to the failure of the British to anticipate the rebellions of 1857. The author argues, however, that even before this, complex systems of debate and communication were challenging the political and intellectual dominance of the European rulers.




Banaras: Urban Forms and Cultural Histories


Book Description

The book presents a rich and surprising account of the recent history of the north Indian city of Banaras. Supplementing traditional accounts, which have focused upon the city’s religious imaginary, this volume brings together essays written by acknowledged experts in north Indian culture and history to examine the construction of diverse urban identities in, and after, the British colonial period. Drawing on fields such as archaeology, literature, history, and architecture, these accounts of Banaras understand the narratives which inscribe the city as having been forged substantially in the experiences of British rule. But while British rule transformed the city in many respects, the essays also emphasize the importance of Indian agency in these processes. The book also examines the essential ambiguity of modernization schemes in the city as well as the contingency of elements of religious narrative. The introduction, moreover, attempts to resituate Banaras into a wider tradition of urban studies in South Asia. The book will be of interest to not only scholars and students of north Indian culture and urban history, but also anyone looking to gain a deeper appreciation of this remarkable, and complex, city.




Aspects of British Political History 1815-1914


Book Description

Aspects of British History, 1815-1914 addresses the major issues of this much-studied period in a clear and digestible form. * Introduces a fresh feel to long-studied topics * Consolidates a grest deal of recent research * Carefully organised to reflect the way teachers tackle this course * Written by and experienced and renowned textbook author * Illustrated with helpful maps and photographs




Modern History Short Notes (Revision Notes) For IAS /PCS / CTET/ Police/CDS/EPFO/NDA/NET-JRF/Railway/SSC-CGL Exam


Book Description

Index Chapter-1 : Sources for Studying Modern Indian History Chapter-2 : Different Perspectives on Modern Indian History Chapter-3 : Europeans Arrive in India (15th Century) Chapter-4 : India on the Brink of Colonial Rule Chapter-5 : Expansion and Consolidation of British Rule in India Chapter-6 : People's Resistance Against British Rule Before 1857 Chapter-7 : The Revolt of 1857 Chapter-8 : Characteristics of Socio-Religious Reform Movements in 19th Century India Chapter-9 : Socio-Cultural Reform Movements in India Chapter-10 : Emergence of Modern Nationalism in India Chapter-11 : Origins of the Indian National Congress Chapter-12 : Rise of Militant Nationalism (1905–1909) Chapter-13 : Initial Phase of Revolutionary Action Chapter-14 : Nationalist Reaction to the First World War Chapter-15 : Gandhi's Ascendancy and the Revival of Nationalism Chatper-16 : Emergence of Non-Cooperation and Khilafat Agitation Chatper-17 : The Rise of New Actors in the Indian Struggle for Independence Chapter-18 : The Simon Commission (1927) Chapter-19 : Intersection of Civil Disobedience and Round Table Talks Chapter-20 : Deliberations on Post-Civil Disobedience Strategy Chapter-21 : Congress Rule in Provincial Governments: 1937-1939 Chapter-22 : Indian Nationalist Response to World War II Chapter-23 : Quit India Movement Chapter 24 : National Landscape After World War II Chapter-25 : Freedom with Division Chapter-26 : Progression of Constitutional Structure Chapter 27 : Analysis of Colonial Policies in the Indian Context Chapter-28 : Economic Consequences of British Colonialism in India Chapter-29 : Growth and Transformation of the Press in India Chapter-30 : Development of Education under East India Company Rule Chapter-31 : Economic Challenges Encountered by Indian Rural Population under Colonial Rule (1857-1947) Chapter-32 : Formation of the Working Class During British Rule in India Chapter-33 : Women Freedom Fighters of India Chapter-34 : Governors-General / Viceroy of India




'How Best Do We Survive?'


Book Description

This book traces the social and political history of the Muslims of south India from the later nineteenth century to Independence in 1947, and the contours that followed. It describes a community in search of political survival amidst an ever-changing climate, and the fluctuating fortunes it had in dealing with the rise of Indian nationalism, the local political nuances of that rise, and its own changing position as part of the wider Muslim community in India. The book argues that Partition and the foundation of Pakistan in 1947 were neither the goal nor the necessarily inescapable result of the growth of communal politics and sentiment, and analyses the post-1947 constructions of events leading to Partition. Neither the fact of Muslim communalism per se before 1947 nor the existence of separate Muslim electorates provide an explanation for Pakistan. The book advances the theory that micro-level studies of the operation of the former, and the defence of the latter, in British India can lead to a better understanding of the origins of communalism. The book makes an important contribution to understanding and dealing with the complexities of communalism — be it Hindu, Muslim or Christian — and its often tragic consequences.