Inferences during Reading


Book Description

A study of inferencing from a wide variety of theoretical and disciplinary perspectives, as well as different levels of processing.







Inferences during Reading


Book Description

Inferencing is defined as 'the act of deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true', and it is one of the most important processes necessary for successful comprehension during reading. This volume features contributions by distinguished researchers in cognitive psychology, educational psychology, and neuroscience on topics central to our understanding of the inferential process during reading. The chapters cover aspects of inferencing that range from the fundamental bottom-up processes that form the basis for an inference to occur, to the more strategic processes that transpire when a reader is engaged in literary understanding of a text. Basic activation mechanisms, word-level inferencing, methodological considerations, inference validation, causal inferencing, emotion, development of inferences processes as a skill, embodiment, contributions from neuroscience, and applications to naturalistic text are all covered as well as expository text, online learning materials, and literary immersion.





Book Description

Learn how to create relevant and appropriate assessments throughout the learning cycle so your students will have ample opportunity to show competence in ways that make sense to them and are in accordance with their readiness levels. This model regards assessment as part of a cycle of continuous learning by both teachers and students that results in all students meeting expected standards.







Text Representation


Book Description

This book brings together linguistics and psycholinguistics. Text representation is considered a cognitive entity: a mental construct that plays a crucial role in both text production and text understanding.The focus is on referential and relational coherence and the role of linguistic characteristics as processing instructions from a text linguistic and discourse psychology point of view. Consequently, this book presents various research methodologies: linguistic analysis, text analysis, corpus linguistics, computational linguistics, argumentation analysis, and the experimental psycholinguistic study of text processing. The authors compare, test, and evaluate linguistic and processing theories of text representation.A state of the art volume in an emerging field of interest, located at the very heart of our communicative behavior: the study of text and text representation.




Reading Expository Material


Book Description

Reading Expository Material focuses on the techniques on how to apply the skills in reading tasks outside of formal reading instruction. This book explores the problems related to skill application that are encountered by reading specialists and educators. Organized into six parts encompassing 17 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the categories of the study, including the reader, the text, and the interaction of reader with text. This text then examines the readers' metacognitive development, the development of study skills, and learning strategies. Other chapters explore the concept of knowledge and explain how knowledge comes into play in the process of perception and comprehension. This book discusses as well the developments in cognitive psychology and in artificial intelligence. The final chapter reviews how to enable teachers in the classroom to deal more realistically with the facts of a reader–text interaction. Reading specialists, researchers, and educators with an interest in the teaching of and learning from expository materials will find this book useful.




Reading for Meaning


Book Description

Reading comprehension is of great concern to many Americans, as evidenced by the mandate in most states today for graduation standards in reading and for assessments aligned to those standards. This book focuses on what has been learned from research about fostering reading comprehension in the middle grades, providing a broad overview of current educational and psychological research about effective strategies for teaching reading to middle grade students. Following an introduction by the editors, essays in the book are as follows: (1) "The Mind in Action: What It Means to Comprehend during Reading" (Paul van den Broeck and Kathleen E. Kremer); (2) "Comprehension Instruction in Elementary School: A Quarter-Century of Research Progress" (Michael Pressley); (3) "Explicit and Implicit Instruction in Comprehension" (Janice A. Dole); (4) "Balancing Literature and Instruction: Lessons from the Book Club Project" (Taffy E. Raphael); (5) "Building Student Capacity to Work Productively during Peer-Assisted Reading Activities" (Lynn S. Fuchs and Douglas Fuchs); (6) "A Vocabulary Program to Complement and Bolster a Middle-Grade Comprehension Program" (Michael F. Graves); (7) "Classroom Talk about Texts: Is It Dear, Cheap, or a Bargain at Any Price?" (Donna E. Alvermann); (8) "Literacy Lessons Derived from the Instruction of Six Latina/Latino Teachers" (Robert T. Jimenez); and (9) "Beyond Balance: Goal Awareness, Developmental Progressions, Tailoring to the Context, and Supports for Teachers in Ideal Reading and Literacy Programs" (Jere Brophy). (NKA)




Handbook of Psycholinguistics


Book Description

With Psycholinguistics in its fifth decade of existence, the second edition of the Handbook of Psycholinguistics represents a comprehensive survey of psycholinguistic theory, research and methodology, with special emphasis on the very best empirical research conducted in the past decade. Thirty leading experts have been brought together to present the reader with both broad and detailed current issues in Language Production, Comprehension and Development. The handbook is an indispensible single-source guide for professional researchers, graduate students, advanced undergraduates, university and college teachers, and other professionals in the fields of psycholinguistics, language comprehension, reading, neuropsychology of language, linguistics, language development, and computational modeling of language. It will also be a general reference for those in neighboring fields such as cognitive and developmental psychology and education. - Provides a complete account of psycholinguistic theory, research, and methodology - 30 of the field's foremost experts have contributed to this edition - An invaluable single-source reference