› › The Ethics Of Inheritable Genetic Modification

The Ethics of Inheritable Genetic Modification

Author : John Rasko

Publisher : Cambridge University Press

Page : 356 pages

File Size : 33,62 MB

Release : 2006-01-26

Category : Medical

ISBN : 9780521529730

Get eBook

Book Description

Is inheritable genetic modification the new dividing line in gene therapy? The editors of this searching investigation, representing clinical medicine, public health and biomedical ethics, have established a distinguished team of scientists and scholars to address the issues from the perspectives of biological and social science, law and ethics, including an intriguing Foreword from Peter Singer. Their purpose is to consider how society might deal with the ethical concerns raised by inheritable genetic modification, and to re-examine prevailing views about whether these procedures will ever be ethically and socially justifiable. The book also provides background to define the field, and discusses the biological and technological potential for inheritable genetic modification, its limitations, and its connection with gene therapy, cloning, and other reproductive interventions. For scientists, bioethicists, clinicians, counsellors and public commentators, this is an essential contribution to one of the critical debates in current genetics.



The Matrix

Author : Marilyn E. Coors

Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield

Page : 180 pages

File Size : 17,57 MB

Release : 2003

Category : Business & Economics

ISBN : 9780742514010

Get eBook

Book Description

In the early stages of genetic modification, we need ethical guidelines more than ever, guidelines that could forebode or decree what is to come. That's where The Matrix comes in. The Inheritable Modification Matrix is the culmination of Marilyn Coors' examination of ethics, religion, and science in the context of human genetic modification. The Matrix identifies virtues, values, and principles that differentiate the beneficial uses of inheritable genetic modification from those that threaten the dignity of human life.



Heritable Human Genome Editing

Author : The Royal Society

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 239 pages

File Size : 31,99 MB

Release : 2021-01-16

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309671132

Get eBook

Book Description

Heritable human genome editing - making changes to the genetic material of eggs, sperm, or any cells that lead to their development, including the cells of early embryos, and establishing a pregnancy - raises not only scientific and medical considerations but also a host of ethical, moral, and societal issues. Human embryos whose genomes have been edited should not be used to create a pregnancy until it is established that precise genomic changes can be made reliably and without introducing undesired changes - criteria that have not yet been met, says Heritable Human Genome Editing. From an international commission of the U.S. National Academy of Medicine, U.S. National Academy of Sciences, and the U.K.'s Royal Society, the report considers potential benefits, harms, and uncertainties associated with genome editing technologies and defines a translational pathway from rigorous preclinical research to initial clinical uses, should a country decide to permit such uses. The report specifies stringent preclinical and clinical requirements for establishing safety and efficacy, and for undertaking long-term monitoring of outcomes. Extensive national and international dialogue is needed before any country decides whether to permit clinical use of this technology, according to the report, which identifies essential elements of national and international scientific governance and oversight.



Ethics of the Inheritable Genetic Modification of Human Embryos Via CRISPR Technology

Author : Darcy Metcalfe (PhD)

Publisher :

Page : 0 pages

File Size : 39,75 MB

Release : 2021

Category : African American women

ISBN :

Get eBook

Book Description

There is a long and continuing history of racialized science and medicine in the U.S. Given this history, Black women are at special risk when it comes to recent developments and applications of gene-editing technologies. There is good reason to be concerned that CRISPR techniques, in particular, will be used to pursue the embryonic inheritable genetic modification (EIGM) of human embryos in ways that wittingly or unwittingly perpetuate racial injustice and the well-documented U.S. failure to honor Black women's reproductive autonomy and well-being. This dissertation elucidates Pauli Murray's interpretation of the diverse processes by which race has been constructed in U.S. history and how these processes connect with a pattern of U.S. medical and scientific surveillance and control of Black women's reproductive capacities. It also articulates Murray's religious and ethical views regarding how this pattern can be disrupted, beginning with a change in people's perspectives concerning the relational and interconnected nature of existence. Her view serves as an ethical challenge for bioethicists and members of medical-scientific communities to examine their current ways of thinking and clarify what justice requires of them as observers and contributors to face-paced developments in human genetic engineering.



Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 201 pages

File Size : 50,8 MB

Release : 2016-04-17

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309388708

Get eBook

Book Description

Mitochondrial replacement techniques (MRTs) are designed to prevent the transmission of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diseases from mother to child. While MRTs, if effective, could satisfy a desire of women seeking to have a genetically related child without the risk of passing on mtDNA disease, the technique raises significant ethical and social issues. It would create offspring who have genetic material from two women, something never sanctioned in humans, and would create mitochondrial changes that could be heritable (in female offspring), and therefore passed on in perpetuity. The manipulation would be performed on eggs or embryos, would affect every cell of the resulting individual, and once carried out this genetic manipulation is not reversible. Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques considers the implications of manipulating mitochondrial content both in children born to women as a result of participating in these studies and in descendants of any female offspring. This study examines the ethical and social issues related to MRTs, outlines principles that would provide a framework and foundation for oversight of MRTs, and develops recommendations to inform the Food and Drug Administration's consideration of investigational new drug applications.



The Ethics of Human Gene Therapy

Author : LeRoy Walters

Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA

Page : 240 pages

File Size : 42,57 MB

Release : 1997

Category : Gene therapy

ISBN : 9780195059557

Get eBook

Book Description

They start with the current techniques of gene addition, using non-reproductive (somatic) cells in an effort to cure or treat disease. Next they address the technical problems and moral issues facing attempts to prevent disease through genetically modifying early human embryos or sperm and egg cells. These changes would be passed on to future generations. Chapter 4, in many ways the most original part of this volume, confronts the issue of employing genetic means to improve human abilities and appearance.



Babies by Design

Author : Ronald M. Green

Publisher : Yale University Press

Page : 287 pages

File Size : 43,99 MB

Release : 2007-01-01

Category : Science

ISBN : 0300138571

Get eBook

Book Description

Product Description: We stand on the brink of unprecedented growth in our ability to understand and change the human genome. New reproductive technologies now enable parents to select some genetic traits for their children, and soon it will be possible to begin to shape ourselves as a species. Despite the loud cries of alarm that such a prospect inspires, Ronald Green argues that we will, and we should, undertake the direction of our own evolution. A leader in the bioethics community, Green offers a scientifically and ethically informed view of human genetic self-modification and the possibilities it opens up for a better future. Fears of a terrible Brave New World or a new eugenics movement are overblown, he maintains, and in the more likely future, genetic modifications may improve parents' ability to enhance children's lives and may even promote social justice. The author outlines the new capabilities of genomic science, addresses urgent questions of safety that genetic interventions pose, and explores questions of parenting and justice. He also examines the religious implications of gene modification. Babies by design are assuredly in the future, Green concludes, and by making responsible choices as we enter that future, we can incorporate gene technology in a new age of human adventure.



Designing Our Descendants

Author : Audrey R. Chapman

Publisher : JHU Press

Page : 385 pages

File Size : 27,98 MB

Release : 2004-12-01

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0801881293

Get eBook

Book Description

The Human Genome Project, discoveries in molecular biology, and new reproductive technologies have advanced our understanding of how genetic science may be used to treat persons with genetic disorders. Greater knowledge may also make possible genetic interventions to "enhance" normal human characteristics, such as height, hair or eye color, strength, or memory, as well as the transmittal of such modifications to future generations. The prospect of inheritable genetic modifications, or IGMs, whether for therapeutic or enhancement purposes, raises complex scientific, ethical, and regulatory issues. Designing Our Descendants presents twenty essays by physicians, scientists, philosophers, theologians, lawyers, and policy analysts addressing these issues from diverse perspectives. In three sections, the authors discuss the short- and long-term scientific feasibility of IGM technology; ethical and religious issues related to safety, justice, morality, reproductive rights, and enhancement; and regulatory issues including the necessity of public input and oversight and the influence of commercialization. Their goal is to open a dialogue engaging not only scholars and scientists but also government officials and concerned citizens. The authors conclude that while IGM cannot be carried out safely and responsibly on humans utilizing current methods, it is important to begin public discussion now to determine whether, and if so how, to proceed.



Assessing Genetic Risks

Author : Institute of Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 353 pages

File Size : 28,80 MB

Release : 1994-01-01

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309047986

Get eBook

Book Description

Raising hopes for disease treatment and prevention, but also the specter of discrimination and "designer genes," genetic testing is potentially one of the most socially explosive developments of our time. This book presents a current assessment of this rapidly evolving field, offering principles for actions and research and recommendations on key issues in genetic testing and screening. Advantages of early genetic knowledge are balanced with issues associated with such knowledge: availability of treatment, privacy and discrimination, personal decision-making, public health objectives, cost, and more. Among the important issues covered: Quality control in genetic testing. Appropriate roles for public agencies, private health practitioners, and laboratories. Value-neutral education and counseling for persons considering testing. Use of test results in insurance, employment, and other settings.



The Ethics of Inheritable Genetic Modification

Author : John Rasko

Publisher : Cambridge University Press

Page : 360 pages

File Size : 39,31 MB

Release : 2006-01-26

Category : Medical

ISBN : 9780521822770

Get eBook

Book Description

Is inheritable genetic modification the new dividing line in gene therapy? The editors of this searching investigation, representing clinical medicine, public health and biomedical ethics, have established a distinguished team of scientists and scholars to address the issues from the perspectives of biological and social science, law and ethics, including an intriguing Foreword from Peter Singer. Their purpose is to consider how society might deal with the ethical concerns raised by inheritable genetic modification, and to re-examine prevailing views about whether these procedures will ever be ethically and socially justifiable. The book also provides background to define the field, and discusses the biological and technological potential for inheritable genetic modification, its limitations, and its connection with gene therapy, cloning, and other reproductive interventions. For scientists, bioethicists, clinicians, counsellors and public commentators, this is an essential contribution to one of the critical debates in current genetics.