The Experiences of High Achieving African American Students in Urban High Schools


Book Description

Abstract: There are a number of African American students attending public schools situated within lower income communities who achieve academic success, despite encountering various challenges. The purpose of this qualitative study was to gain insight into the internal and external protective factors that served to mitigate risk in the lives of academically resilient African American students. Moreover, an examination of the process by which these students achieved academic success despite factors that typically place students "at-risk" or "educationally vulnerable" for academic failure was the goal of this research inquiry. Twenty-one graduating seniors across four high schools were interviewed as part of this phenomenological research investigation. Several themes emerged that supported existing literature on academic resilience and African American students. All participants discussed the impact of both internal and external protective factors across home, schools, and communities that led to academic success. In addition, the majority of respondents reported that in their respective schools, education was valued, responsibilities were often shared among others, and positive and supportive relationships were encouraged across students, teachers, and school staff. Furthermore, participants discussed the process of being resilient, specifically encountering various challenges, but working to achieve their academic goals.




IMPROVING SCHOOLS FOR AFRICAN AMERICAN STUDENTS


Book Description

Improving Schools for African American Students is designed to provide educational leaders with a better understanding of how to recognize the diversity of strengths that Black students bring with them to school and how to use these strengths to improve achievement. The articles contained in this book discuss generic education issues such as policy reform, the importance of high quality teaching, and the improvement of schools from the perspective of the academic achievement of African American students. Part I explores institutional racism in the context of America's public schools and provides suggestions for educational leaders to eliminate harmful policies and practices within educational institutions and settings. Part II discusses the kinds of institutional and instructional changes that are needed to support successful schooling of African American children and youth. Part III focuses on the challenges presented to African American students by the current high stakes testing environment that surrounds standards, assessment, and accountability. A review of the literature on schools that have succeeded in improving achievement for African American students at the elementary, middle, and high school levels with districts moving towards narrowing the achievement gap is included. This text examines a wide variety of policies, programs, practices, and research that will provide valuable insight. The emphasis throughout the book is on the ability of educators to successfully restructure their schools, offer high quality teaching and learning standards for African American students and to make the kinds of changes that will result in high achievement for all students.




The Lived Experiences of Low-Income, High-Achieving, African American Students in Predominantly White, Independent Schools


Book Description

Low-income, high-achieving, African American students who gain admittance to predominantly White, independent schools balance their lives between home and school. This study examined the lived experiences of low-income, high-achieving, African American students in these independent schools in an attempt to understand their experiences. This study explored: How do low-income, high-achieving, African American students describe their sense of belonging in predominantly White, independent schools? How do low-income, high-achieving, African American students describe the effect of school climate on their sense of belonging? What practices and policies would students suggest to improve the school culture and sense of belonging students like them might feel? The study used semi-structured interviews of low-income, high-achieving, African American students who attended a mentoring program that supports and places students in independent schools, faculty who worked with them and leadership and staff from the mentoring program to understand the school climate and the student sense of belonging. In Vivo coding was used to analyze the themes as they emerged. The results revealed that opportunities for students to express their voices, positive relationships with faculty members, affinity groups, and faculty members of color contribute to a positive sense of belonging among low-income, high-achieving, African American students. A lack of students of color, a lack of faculty of color, experiences with racism, and difficulties with transportation and access to equipment contribute to a negative sense of belonging for the students. The study offers suggestions from the students and recommendations based on the data to improve the experiences of low-income, high-achieving, African American students.




Young, Gifted, and Black


Book Description

“An important and powerful book” that radically reframes the debates swirling around the academic achievement of African-American students (Boston Review) “The solutions offered by each essay are creative, inspirational, and good old common sense." —Los Angeles Times In 3 separate but allied essays, African-American scholars Theresa Perry, Claude Steele, and Asa Hilliard examine the alleged ‘achievement gap’ between Black and white students. Each author addresses how the unique social and cultural position Black students occupy—in a society which often devalues and stereotypes African-American identity—fundamentally shapes students’ experience of school and sets up unique obstacles. Young, Gifted and Black provides an understanding of how these forces work, opening the door to practical, powerful methods for promoting high achievement at all levels. In the first piece, Theresa Perry argues that the dilemmas African-American students face are rooted in the experience of race and ethnicity in America, making the task of achievement distinctive and difficult. Claude Steele follows up with stunningly clear empirical psychological evidence that when Black students believe they are being judged as members of a stereotyped group—rather than as individuals—they do worse on tests. Finally, Asa Hilliard argues against a variety of false theories and misguided views of African-American achievement, sharing examples of real schools, programs, and teachers around the country that allow African-American students to achieve at high levels. Now more than ever, Young, Gifted and Black is an eye-opening work that has the power to not only change how we talk and think about African-American student achievement but how we view the African-American experience as a whole.




Going to School


Book Description

In this ground-breaking book, noted scholars/educators respond to the persistent, pervasive and disproportionate underachievement of African-American students in public schools. In the process, they illustrate various aspects of the dilemma with a wide range of views and address the complexity of the topic by including a consideration of the factors that impact upon the academic achievement of African-American students. Lomotey considers the implications for research, policy and practice related to African-American academic achievement.




High Achieving African American Students and the College Choice Process


Book Description

By critically examining the legal, institutional, and social factors that prohibit or promote students' college choices, this Volume undermines the notion that African American students and their families are opposed to formal education, and reveals structural barriers which they face in accessing elite institutions. For African American students, unequal education is rooted in the history in the legacy of slavery and of the history of institutional and structural racism in United States. The long legacy of racism in education cannot be dismissed when reflecting on the college choice experiences of African American students made today. Authors uniquely apply Critical Race Theory (CRT) to analyse the college selection process of high achieving African American students and, highlight the similarities and differences within an impressive group of students, therefore challenging the deficit notions of African American students as perpetual under-achievers. They also show that contrary to the general assumption, African American parents are inclined towards providing their sons and daughters higher education at the elite institutes of US. The decision is often influenced by analysis of factors including the allocation of school resources, parental attitudes, university recruitment, campus outreach, and affordability. The issues of discrimination on the grounds of race, class, and gender often plays a vital role in decision making process. This text will be of great interest to graduate and postgraduate students, researchers, academics, professionals and policy makers in the field of Race & Ethnicity in Higher Education, Sociology of Education, Equality & Human Rights, and African American Studies.




The Color of Success


Book Description

Through students' own voices and perspectives, this book reveals how and why some racial minorities achieve academic success, despite limited opportunity. Based on the experiences of Black, Latino, and Vietnamese urban high school students, the author provides a revealing comparative analysis that offers insight into how schools can provide opportunities and safe learning environments where youth acquire real goals, expectations, and tangible pathways for success. Offering alternatives to current practices and structures of inequality that plague educational systems throughout the nation, this sociologically informed book: takes a rare look at urban school success stories, instead of those depicting failure; explores the social processes that enable racial minority youth to escape the unequal structures of urban schooling to perform well in school; and focuses on youth's interpretations and reactions to the schooling process to determine how schools can empower youth and promote the social mobility of low-income urban populations.




Dreaming of a Place Called Home


Book Description

"This book auto-ethnographically explores the experiences of students and teachers both locally and globally, while addressing the critical intersection of race, class, and gender in education. It explores diversity perspectives on schools and society in Japan, the United States, Bahamas, and Jamaica in regards to living and attending schools in a foreign country; being an international minority student in the U.S.; and being a minority teacher in U.S. public schools. In doing so, the book addresses minority experiences as it seeks to promote agency and advocacy for the underserved both locally and globally, and making the world more humane and inclusive through education. It acknowledges that we live in a global society, and as such, we must become global citizens and ambassadors of the world in which we live. Greg Wiggan is an Associate Professor of Urban Education, Adjunct Associate Professor of Sociology, and Affiliate Faculty Member of Africana Studies at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. His research addresses urban education and urban sociology in the context of school processes that promote high achievement among African American students and other underserved minority student populations. In doing so, his research also examines the broader connections between the history of urbanization, globalization processes and the internationalization of education in urban schools. His books include: Global Issues in Education: Pedagogy, Policy, Practice, and the Minority Experience; Education in a Strange Land: Globalization, Urbanization, and Urban Schools – The Social and Educational Implications of the Geopolitical Economy; Curriculum Violence: America’s new Civil Rights Issue; Education for the New Frontier: Race, Education and Triumph in Jim Crow America (1867–1945); Following the Northern Star: Caribbean Identities and Education in North American Schools; Unshackled: Education for Freedom, Student Achievement and Personal Emancipation; In Search of a Canon: European History and the Imperialist State; and Last of the Black Titans: The Role of Historically Black Colleges and Universities in the 21st Century.




High Performing African American Students


Book Description

The achievement gap is commonly associated with high poverty urban schools, however, in suburban, middle class America, the achievement gap still manifests itself (Ogbu, 2003). Commonly referred to as an excellence gap, this gap is the discrepancy between high performing African American students and their peers (Rambo-Hernandez et al., 2019). However, there are high performing African American students that achieve success in schools. This mixed methods study explored the lived experiences of high performing African American students in a suburban school. The two-part study included a survey with quantitative questions, Growth Mindset scale, and Grit scale, as well as qualitative interviews. There were 18 participants for the survey and 10 participants for the semi-structured interviews. The findings identified challenges for high performing African American students including isolation, microaggressions, curriculum, representation, recommendations, and competition. To combat these challenges, high performing African American students identified family, friends, engagement in school, and the ability to code switch as personal factors in their academic success, while school factors for success included the school environment, supportive staff, relationships, and extracurricular activities. This study provides a counternarrative to the underperforming African American students in public schools. By studying high performing African American students in schools, school leaders can focus their efforts to create a school environment where all students succeed.




Young, Gifted, and Black


Book Description

“An important and powerful book” that radically reframes the debates swirling around the academic achievement of African-American students (Boston Review) “The solutions offered by each essay are creative, inspirational, and good old common sense." —Los Angeles Times In 3 separate but allied essays, African-American scholars Theresa Perry, Claude Steele, and Asa Hilliard examine the alleged ‘achievement gap’ between Black and white students. Each author addresses how the unique social and cultural position Black students occupy—in a society which often devalues and stereotypes African-American identity—fundamentally shapes students’ experience of school and sets up unique obstacles. Young, Gifted and Black provides an understanding of how these forces work, opening the door to practical, powerful methods for promoting high achievement at all levels. In the first piece, Theresa Perry argues that the dilemmas African-American students face are rooted in the experience of race and ethnicity in America, making the task of achievement distinctive and difficult. Claude Steele follows up with stunningly clear empirical psychological evidence that when Black students believe they are being judged as members of a stereotyped group—rather than as individuals—they do worse on tests. Finally, Asa Hilliard argues against a variety of false theories and misguided views of African-American achievement, sharing examples of real schools, programs, and teachers around the country that allow African-American students to achieve at high levels. Now more than ever, Young, Gifted and Black is an eye-opening work that has the power to not only change how we talk and think about African-American student achievement but how we view the African-American experience as a whole.