The Foundations of Signal Integrity


Book Description

The first book to focus on the electromagnetic basis of signal integrity The Foundations of Signal Integrity is the first of its kind—a reference that examines the physical foundation of system integrity based on electromagnetic theory derived from Maxwell's Equations. Drawing upon the cutting-edge research of Professor Paul Huray's team of industrial engineers and graduate students, it develops the physical theory of wave propagation using methods of solid state and high-energy physics, mathematics, chemistry, and electrical engineering before addressing its application to modern high-speed systems. Coverage includes: All the necessary electromagnetic theory needed for a complete understanding of signal integrity Techniques for obtaining analytic solutions to Maxwell's Equations for ideal materials and boundary conditions Plane electromagnetic waves Plane waves in compound media Transmission lines and waveguides Ideal models vs. real-world systems Complex permittivity of propagating media Surface roughness Advanced signal integrity Signal integrity simulations Problem sets for each chapter With its thorough coverage of this relatively new discipline, the book serves as an ideal textbook for senior undergraduate and junior graduate students, as well as a resource for practicing engineers in this burgeoning field. At the end of each section, it typically stimulates the reader with open-ended questions that might lead to future theses or dissertation research.




Maxwell's Equations


Book Description

An authoritative view of Maxwell's Equations that takes theory to practice Maxwell's Equations is a practical guide to one of the most remarkable sets of equations ever devised. Professor Paul Huray presents techniques that show the reader how to obtain analytic solutions for Maxwell's equations for ideal materials and boundary conditions. These solutions are then used as a benchmark for solving real-world problems. Coverage includes: An historical overview of electromagnetic concepts before Maxwell and how we define fundamental units and universal constants today A review of vector analysis and vector operations of scalar, vector, and tensor products Electrostatic fields and the interaction of those fields with dielectric materials and good conductors A method for solving electrostatic problems through the use of Poisson's and Laplace's equations and Green's function Electrical resistance and power dissipation; superconductivity from an experimental perspective; and the equation of continuity An introduction to magnetism from the experimental inverse square of the Biot-Savart law so that Maxwell's magnetic flux equations can be deduced Maxwell's Equations serves as an ideal textbook for undergraduate students in junior/senior electromagnetics courses and graduate students, as well as a resource for electrical engineers.




Bogatin’s Practical Guide to Transmission Line Design and Characterization for Signal Integrity Applications


Book Description

This multimedia eBook establishes a solid foundation in the essential principles of how signals interact with transmission lines, how the physical design of interconnects affects transmission line properties, and how to interpret single-ended and differential time domain reflection (TDR) measurements to extract important figures of merits and avoid common mistakes. This book presents an intuitive understanding of transmission lines. Instructional videos are provided in every chapter that cover important aspects of the interconnect design and characterization process. This video eBook helps establish foundations for designing and characterizing the electrical properties of interconnects to explain in a simplified way how signals propagate and interact with interconnects and how the physical design of transmission structures will impact performance. Never be intimidated by impedance or differential pairs again.




Modified Maxwell Equations in Quantum Electrodynamics


Book Description

Divergencies in quantum field theory referred to as OC infinite zero-point energyOCO have been a problem for 70 years. Renormalization has always been considered an unsatisfactory remedy. In 1985 it was found that Maxwell''s equations generally do not have solutions that satisfy the causality law. An additional term for magnetic dipole currents corrected this shortcoming. Rotating magnetic dipoles produce magnetic dipole currents, just as rotating electric dipoles in a material like barium titanate produce electric dipole currents. Electric dipole currents were always part of Maxwell''s equations. This book shows that the correction of Maxwell''s equations eliminates the infinite zero-point energy in quantum electrodynamics. In addition, it presents many more new results. Contents: Monopole, Dipole, and Multipole Currents; Hamiltonian Formalism; Quantization of the Pure Radiation Field; KleinOCoGordon Equation and Vacuum Constants. Readership: Senior undergraduates, graduate students, researchers and academics in quantum, atomic, theoretical, mathematical and nuclear physics."




Theory and Computation of Electromagnetic Fields in Layered Media


Book Description

Explore the algorithms and numerical methods used to compute electromagnetic fields in multi-layered media In Theory and Computation of Electromagnetic Fields in Layered Media, two distinguished electrical engineering researchers deliver a detailed and up-to-date overview of the theory and numerical methods used to determine electromagnetic fields in layered media. The book begins with an introduction to Maxwell’s equations, the fundamentals of electromagnetic theory, and concepts and definitions relating to Green’s function. It then moves on to solve canonical problems in vertical and horizontal dipole radiation, describe Method of Moments schemes, discuss integral equations governing electromagnetic fields, and explains the Michalski-Zheng theory of mixed-potential Green’s function representation in multi-layered media. Chapters on the evaluation of Sommerfeld integrals, procedures for far field evaluation, and the theory and application of hierarchical matrices are also included, along with: A thorough introduction to free-space Green’s functions, including the delta-function model for point charge and dipole current Comprehensive explorations of the traditional form of layered medium Green’s function in three dimensions Practical discussions of electro-quasi-static and magneto-quasi-static fields in layered media, including electrostatic fields in two and three dimensions In-depth examinations of the rational function fitting method, including direct spectra fitting with VECTFIT algorithms Perfect for scholars and students of electromagnetic analysis in layered media, Theory and Computation of Electromagnetic Fields in Layered Media will also earn a place in the libraries of CAD industry engineers and software developers working in the area of computational electromagnetics.




Foundations of Applied Electrodynamics


Book Description

Foundations of Applied Electrodynamics takes a fresh look at the essential concepts and methods of electrodynamics as a whole, uniting the most relevant contemporary topics under a common mathematical framework. It contains clear explanations of high-level concepts as well as the mutual relationships between the essential ideas of electromagnetic theory. Starting with the fundamentals of electrodynamics, it methodically covers a wide spectrum of research and applications that stem from electromagnetic phenomena, before concluding with more advanced topics such as quantum mechanics. Includes new advances and methodologies in applied electrodynamics, and provides the whole picture of the theory of electrodynamics in most active areas of engineering applications Systematically deals with eigenvalue problems, integral equation formulations and transient phenomena in various areas of applied electrodynamics Introduces the complete theory of spherical vector wave functions, and presents the upper bounds of the product of gain and bandwidth for an arbitrary antenna Presents the field approach to multiple antenna system, which provides a theoretical tool for the prediction of channel models of MIMO, and is also the basis of wireless power transmission system One of the first books on electromagnetics that contains the general theory of relativity, which is needed in the design of mobile systems such as global positioning system (GPS) By summarising both engineering and theoretical electromagnetism in one volume, this book is an essential reference for practicing engineers, as well as a guide for those who wish to advance their analytical techniques for studying applied electrodynamics.




Power Integrity for Electrical and Computer Engineers


Book Description

A professional guide to the fundamentals of power integrity analysis with an emphasis on silicon level power integrity Power Integrity for Electrical and Computer Engineers embraces the most recent changes in the field, offers a comprehensive introduction to the discipline of power integrity, and provides an overview of the fundamental principles. Written by noted experts on the topic, the book goes beyond most other resources to focus on the detailed aspects of silicon and optimization techniques in order to broaden the field of study. This important book offers coverage of a wide range of topics including signal analysis, EM concepts for PI, frequency domain analysis for PI, numerical methods (overview) for PI, and silicon device PI modeling. Power Integrity for Electrical and Computer Engineers examine platform technologies, system considerations, power conversion, system level modeling, and optimization methodologies. To reinforce the material presented, the authors include example problems. This important book: • Includes coverage on convergence, accuracy, and error analysis and explains how these can be used to analyze power integrity problems • Contains information for modeling the power converter from the PDN to the load in a full system level model • Explores areas of device level modeling of silicon as related to power integrity • Contains example word problems that are related to an individual chapter’s subject Written for electrical and computer engineers and academics, Power Integrity for Electrical and Computer Engineers is an authoritative guide to the fundamentals of power integrity and explores the topics of power integrity analysis, power integrity analytics, silicon level power integrity, and optimization techniques.




Variation Tolerant On-Chip Interconnects


Book Description

This book presents design techniques, analysis and implementation of high performance and power efficient, variation tolerant on-chip interconnects. Given the design paradigm shift to multi-core, interconnect-centric designs and the increase in sources of variability and their impact in sub-100nm technologies, this book will be an invaluable reference for anyone concerned with the design of next generation, high-performance electronics systems.




Principles of Power Integrity for PDN Design--Simplified


Book Description

Consistently Design PDNs That Deliver Reliable Performance at the Right Cost Too often, PDN designs work inconsistently, and techniques that work in some scenarios seem to fail inexplicably in others. This book explains why and presents realistic processes for getting PDN designs right in any new product. Drawing on 60+ years of signal and power integrity experience, Larry Smith and Eric Bogatin show how to manage noise and electrical performance, and complement intuition with analysis to balance cost, performance, risk, and schedule. Throughout, they distill the essence of complex real-world problems, quantify core principles via approximation, and apply them to specific examples. For easy usage, dozens of key concepts and observations are highlighted as tips and listed in quick, chapter-ending summaries. Coverage includes • A practical, start-to-finish approach to consistently meeting PDN performance goals • Understanding how signals interact with interconnects • Identifying root causes of common problems, so you can avoid them • Leveraging analysis tools to efficiently explore design space and optimize tradeoffs • Analyzing impedance-related properties of series and parallel RLC circuits • Measuring low impedance for components and entire PDN ecologies • Predicting loop inductance from physical design features • Reducing peak impedances from combinations of capacitors • Understanding power and ground plane properties in the PDN interconnect • Taming signal integrity problems when signals change return planes • Reducing peak impedance created by on-die capacitance and package lead inductance • Controlling transient current waveform interactions with PDN features • Simple spreadsheet-based analysis techniques for quickly creating first-pass designs This guide will be indispensable for all engineers involved in PDN design, including product, board, and chip designers; system, hardware, component, and package engineers; power supply designers, SI and EMI engineers, sales engineers, and their managers.