The Higgs Boson and Beyond Course


Book Description

The discovery of the Higgs boson is a triumph of modern physics. The hunt for the Higgs was the subject of wide media attention due to the cost of the project, the complexity of the experiment, and the importance of its result. And, when it was announced with great fanfare in 2012 that physicists has succeeded in creating and identifying this all-important new particle, the discovery was celebrated around the world. And yet, virtually no one who read that news could tell you what, exactly, the Higgs boson was, and why its discovery was so important that we had to spend 10 billion dollars and build the single largest and most complex device in the history of mankind in order to find it. When you understand the details, this story ranks as one of the most thrilling in the history of modern science. Award-winning theoretical physicist Sean Carroll, a brilliant researcher as well as a gifted speaker who excels in explaining scientific concepts to the public, is perfectly positioned to tell this story. In this 12-lecture masterpiece of scientific reporting, you'll learn everything you need to know to fully grasp the significance of this discovery, including the basics of quantum mechanics; the four forces that comprise the Standard Model of particle physics; how these forces are transmitted by fields and particles; and the importance of symmetry in physics. You also get an in-depth view of the Large Hadron Collider - the largest machine ever built, and the device responsible for finally revealing the concept of the Higgs boson as reality. By the end, you'll understand how the Higgs boson verifies the final piece in the Standard Model of particle physics, and how its discovery validates and deepens our understanding of the universe.




The Higgs Boson and Beyond


Book Description

The discovery of the Higgs boson is a triumph of modern physics. The hunt for the Higgs was the subject of wide media attention due to the cost of the project, the complexity of the experiment, and the importance of its result. And, when it was announced with great fanfare in 2012 that physicists has succeeded in creating and identifying this all-important new particle, the discovery was celebrated around the world. And yet, virtually no one who read that news could tell you what, exactly, the Higgs boson was, and why its discovery was so important that we had to spend 10 billion dollars and build the single largest and most complex device in the history of mankind in order to find it. When you understand the details, this story ranks as one of the most thrilling in the history of modern science. Award-winning theoretical physicist Sean Carroll, a brilliant researcher as well as a gifted speaker who excels in explaining scientific concepts to the public, is perfectly positioned to tell this story. In this 12-lecture masterpiece of scientific reporting, you'll learn everything you need to know to fully grasp the significance of this discovery, including the basics of quantum mechanics; the four forces that comprise the Standard Model of particle physics; how these forces are transmitted by fields and particles; and the importance of symmetry in physics. You also get an in-depth view of the Large Hadron Collider - the largest machine ever built, and the device responsible for finally revealing the concept of the Higgs boson as reality. By the end, you'll understand how the Higgs boson verifies the final piece in the Standard Model of particle physics, and how its discovery validates and deepens our understanding of the universe.




Lectures on LHC Physics


Book Description

With the discovery of the Higgs boson, the LHC experiments have closed the most important gap in our understanding of fundamental interactions, confirming that such interactions between elementary particles can be described by quantum field theory, more specifically by a renormalizable gauge theory. This theory is a priori valid for arbitrarily high energy scales and does not require an ultraviolet completion. Yet, when trying to apply the concrete knowledge of quantum field theory to actual LHC physics - in particular to the Higgs sector and certain regimes of QCD - one inevitably encounters an intricate maze of phenomenological know-how, common lore and other, often historically developed intuitions about what works and what doesn’t. These lectures cover three aspects to help understand LHC results in the Higgs sector and in searches for physics beyond the Standard Model: they discuss the many facets of Higgs physics, which is at the core of this significantly expanded second edition; then QCD, to the degree relevant for LHC measurements; as well as further standard phenomenological background knowledge. They are intended to serve as a brief but sufficiently detailed primer on LHC physics to enable graduate students and all newcomers to the field to find their way through the more advanced literature, and to help those starting to work in this very timely and exciting field of research. Advanced readers will benefit from this course-based text for their own lectures and seminars. .




The Higgs Boson Discovery at the Large Hadron Collider


Book Description

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the field of Higgs boson physics. It offers the first in-depth review of the complete results in connection with the discovery of the Higgs boson at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider and based on the full dataset for the years 2011 to 2012. The fundamental concepts and principles of Higgs physics are introduced and the important searches prior to the advent of the Large Hadron Collider are briefly summarized. Lastly, the discovery and first mensuration of the observed particle in the course of the CMS experiment are discussed in detail and compared to the results obtained in the ATLAS experiment.




The Higgs Boson


Book Description

For decades, physicists theorized about the Higgs boson, a mysterious particle crucial to explaining how other fundamental particles acquire mass. Then, in 2012, the Large Hadron Collider delivered a groundbreaking discovery: the Higgs boson! "The Higgs Boson: A Window into Beyond-Standard-Model Physics" takes you beyond this momentous event. This book dives deeper, exploring how the Higgs discovery unlocks a new frontier in physics. The Standard Model, our current understanding of fundamental particles and forces, seems incomplete. The Higgs boson hints at a larger reality. Imagine the Higgs boson as a key, opening a door to a hidden realm. This book explores the exciting possibilities that lie beyond - new forces, exotic particles, and a more comprehensive picture of the universe. "The Higgs Boson" isn't just about theory. You'll learn about the cutting-edge experiments currently underway, searching for these theoretical particles and forces. It's a thrilling journey into the unknown, perfect for anyone curious about the mysteries of the universe and the next revolution in physics.




Beyond the Standard Model


Book Description

Welcome to the exciting world of particle physics! In this subchapter, we will delve into the fascinating topic of the Standard Model-a fundamental theory that has revolutionized our understanding of the universe. Whether you are an enthusiast, a student, or simply curious about the wonders of the cosmos, this brief overview will provide you with a solid foundation to appreciate the intricacies of particle physics. The Standard Model is a remarkable framework that describes the fundamental building blocks of matter and their interactions. It encompasses three of the four fundamental forces of nature: electromagnetism, the weak nuclear force, and the strong nuclear force. This comprehensive theory has been meticulously developed over the course of several decades, combining the efforts of brilliant minds and countless experimental observations. At its core, the Standard Model consists of two main classes of particles: fermions and bosons. Fermions are the building blocks of matter and include particles such as quarks and leptons. Quarks are the constituents of protons and neutrons, while leptons include familiar particles like electrons and neutrinos. These fermions interact through the exchange of bosons, which are force-carrying particles. For instance, photons mediate electromagnetic interactions, while W and Z bosons are responsible for the weak nuclear force. One of the most intriguing aspects of the Standard Model is its prediction of the Higgs boson-a particle that gained substantial attention with the discovery at CERN's Large Hadron Collider in 2012. The Higgs boson is associated with the Higgs field, which permeates the universe and endows particles with mass. Its discovery was a significant milestone, confirming a key component of the Standard Model and shedding light on the origin of mass in the universe. While the Standard Model has been incredibly successful in explaining a vast array of experimental observations, it is not without its limitations. For example, it does not incorporate gravity, which is described by Einstein's general theory of relativity. Additionally, the existence of dark matter and dark energy remains unexplained within the framework of the Standard Model.




The Universe, Space and Beyond


Book Description

FIFTH EDITION - October 1, 2014. NOTE: THIS EDITION (OCTOBER 1,2014) HAS BEEN SUPERSEDED BY A LATER EDITION DATED APRIL 13, 2015.* The latest advances in physics and cosmology are important and exciting. This book provides this information for both the general reader and the science student. It also serves as a reference book. Information is indexed and easily found and used. Content includes: *A timeline of key happenings in the history of our Universe including the birth of the Universe 13.8 billion years ago, first multi-cell life on Earth 4 billion years ago, Einstein's Special and General Theories of Relativity 1905-1915, and the end of the Universe a few hundred billion years or so from now. *The values of important constants such as the speed of light and the mass of the sun to nine significant digits. *Basic science information (a quick course in general physics). *Information about the tiny unseen particles that make up the atoms of our planet. Information about the Higgs Boson that culminated in the experimental detection of the Higgs Boson at the high-energy collider at CERN, Switzerland in July 2012. *Gravity Waves * Information about empty space before Big Bang, at the Big Bang, during the Big Bang, after Big Bang. *Information about empty space beyond our Universe and empty space after our Universe disappears. *This book facilitates the understanding of future scientific breakthroughs.* There are 22 sections including: * Timelines of Earth, Our Universe, History, and Science *Basic Physics: Force, Mass, Work, Energy, Power, Momentum, and Pressure* Light Radiation and Spectrum *Wave Motion and Wave Mechanics * Elementary Particles -- Fermions (Leptons and Quarks) and Bosons * Composite Particles -- Hadrons (Mesons and Baryons)* Particle Interactions * Conservation Principles * Super-Symmetric Particles * Higgs Fields and Bosons * Origin of Gravity * Spacetime * Geodesic Warps * Cosmology * Before Big Bang * After Big Bang * Expanding Universe * After our Universe ends * Dark Energy and Matter * Other Universes* Inter-Universe Travel* Special Relativity * General Relativity * Understanding Our Universe Using Scientific Method




The Higgs Boson and Beyond


Book Description

"Understanding the connections between music and mathematics helps you appreciate both, even if you have no special ability in either field--from knowing the mathematics behind tuning an instrument to understanding the features that define your favorite pieces. By exploring the mathematics of music, you also learn why non-Western music sounds so different, gain insight into the technology of modern sound reproduction, and start to hear the world around you in exciting new ways"--Site Web de l'éditeur.




The Higgs Boson Produced With Top Quarks in Fully Hadronic Signatures


Book Description

The work presented in this PhD dissertation is the first search at CMS for Higgs bosons produced in association with top quarks (ttH) in a final state consisting of only jets. The results presented in this book uncover a new class of ttH events that will help us elucidate our understanding of the Yukawa sector interactions between the Higgs boson and the top quark. Despite this being the most common decay signature for ttH, a large contamination of SM backgrounds makes it the most challenging for extracting a signal from data. The PhD thesis presents many sophisticated tools and techniques that were developed in order to overcome these challenges. These tools pave the way for future analyses to investigate other standard model and beyond-standard model physics.




Beyond the God Particle


Book Description

Two leading physicists discuss the importance of the Higgs Boson, the future of particle physics, and the mysteries of the universe yet to be unraveled. On July 4, 2012, the long-sought Higgs Boson--aka "the God Particle"--was discovered at the world's largest particle accelerator, the LHC, in Geneva, Switzerland. On March 14, 2013, physicists at CERN confirmed it. This elusive subatomic particle forms a field that permeates the entire universe, creating the masses of the elementary particles that are the basic building blocks of everything in the known world--from viruses to elephants, from atoms to quasars. Starting where Nobel Laureate Leon Lederman's bestseller The God Particle left off, this incisive new book explains what's next. Lederman and Hill discuss key questions that will occupy physicists for years to come:* Why were scientists convinced that something like the "God Particle" had to exist?* What new particles, forces, and laws of physics lie beyond the "God Particle"?* What powerful new accelerators are now needed for the US to recapture a leadership role in science and to reach "beyond the God Particle," such as Fermilab's planned Project-X and the Muon Collider? Using thoughtful, witty, everyday language, the authors show how all of these intriguing questions are leading scientists ever deeper into the fabric of nature. Readers of The God Particle will not want to miss this important sequel.