The impact of disasters and crises on agriculture and food security: 2021


Book Description

On top of a decade of exacerbated disaster loss, exceptional global heat, retreating ice and rising sea levels, humanity and our food security face a range of new and unprecedented hazards, such as megafires, extreme weather events, desert locust swarms of magnitudes previously unseen, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Agriculture underpins the livelihoods of over 2.5 billion people – most of them in low-income developing countries – and remains a key driver of development. At no other point in history has agriculture been faced with such an array of familiar and unfamiliar risks, interacting in a hyperconnected world and a precipitously changing landscape. And agriculture continues to absorb a disproportionate share of the damage and loss wrought by disasters. Their growing frequency and intensity, along with the systemic nature of risk, are upending people’s lives, devastating livelihoods, and jeopardizing our entire food system. This report makes a powerful case for investing in resilience and disaster risk reduction – especially data gathering and analysis for evidence informed action – to ensure agriculture’s crucial role in achieving the future we want.




The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018


Book Description

New evidence this year corroborates the rise in world hunger observed in this report last year, sending a warning that more action is needed if we aspire to end world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. Updated estimates show the number of people who suffer from hunger has been growing over the past three years, returning to prevailing levels from almost a decade ago. Although progress continues to be made in reducing child stunting, over 22 percent of children under five years of age are still affected. Other forms of malnutrition are also growing: adult obesity continues to increase in countries irrespective of their income levels, and many countries are coping with multiple forms of malnutrition at the same time – overweight and obesity, as well as anaemia in women, and child stunting and wasting.




The State of Food and Agriculture 2021


Book Description

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed the vulnerability of agrifood systems to shocks and stresses and led to increased global food insecurity and malnutrition. Action is needed to make agrifood systems more resilient, efficient, sustainable and inclusive. The State of Food and Agriculture 2021 presents country-level indicators of the resilience of agrifood systems. The indicators measure the robustness of primary production and food availability, as well as physical and economic access to food. They can thus help assess the capacity of national agrifood systems to absorb shocks and stresses, a key aspect of resilience. The report analyses the vulnerabilities of food supply chains and how rural households cope with risks and shocks. It discusses options to minimize trade-offs that building resilience may have with efficiency and inclusivity. The aim is to offer guidance on policies to enhance food supply chain resilience, support livelihoods in the agrifood system and, in the face of disruption, ensure sustainable access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to all.




The Impact of Disasters on Agriculture and Food Security 2023


Book Description

Disasters are resulting in unprecedented levels of destruction across the world. These shocks and disruptions affect the functioning and sustainability of agricultural production and threaten the livelihoods of millions of people reliant on agrifood systems. Reducing the impact of disasters in agriculture requires a better understanding of the extent to which these events produce negative impacts in agriculture and necessitates an investigation into the underlying risks that make agriculture vulnerable to the effects of disasters. The FAO flagship report on ‘The Impact of Disasters on Agriculture and Food Security’ provides a timely and comprehensive overview of how disasters are affecting agriculture and food security around the world. Building on previous work of the FAO on this topic, the report estimates losses caused by disasters on agricultural production over the past three decades and delves into the diverse threats and impacts affecting the crops, livestock, forestry, and fisheries and aquaculture subsectors. It analyzes the complex interplay of underlying risks, such as climate change, pandemics, epidemics and armed conflicts, and how they drive disaster risk in agriculture and agrifood systems at large. The report provides examples of actions and strategies for investing in resilience and proactively addressing risks in agriculture. It demonstrates ways to mainstream disaster risk into agricultural practices and policies and calls for a deeper understanding of the context in which these solutions are implemented.




Building agricultural resilience to natural hazard-induced disasters


Book Description

Natural hazard induced disasters (NHID), such as floods, droughts, severe storms, and animal pests and diseases have significant, widespread and long lasting impacts on agricultural sectors around the world. With climate change set to amplify many of these impacts, a “business as usual” approach to disaster risk management in agriculture cannot continue if we are to meet the challenges of agricultural productivity and sustainability growth, and sustainable development. Drawing from seven case studies – Chile, Italy, Japan, Namibia, New Zealand, Turkey and the United States – this joint OECD?FAO report argues for a new approach to building resilience to NHID in agriculture. It explores the policy measures, governance arrangements, on?farm strategies and other initiatives that countries are using to increase agricultural resilience to NHID, highlighting emerging good practices. It offers concrete recommendations on what more needs to be done to shift from coping with the impacts of disasters, to an ex ante approach that focuses on preventing and mitigating the impacts of disasters, helping the sector be better prepared to respond to disasters, and to adapt and transform in order to be better positioned for future disasters.




Building resilience to climate change and disaster risks for small-scale fisheries communities


Book Description

This guide presents a perspective on implementing the climate change and disaster risk elements of the Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication (SSF Guidelines), with special attention to protecting human rights.




Basic Income for Disasters and Climate Change in Africa


Book Description

This book considers how basic income could be used as a mechanism for disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation in African agrarian societies. African agrarian societies are among those most severely impacted by disasters due to insufficient financial and technological resources to prepare for and respond to crises. This book argues that hazards and environmental disasters are increasingly not isolated occurrences, and the vulnerability of communities is cumulative event after event, with capacities to cope and adapt weakened progressively. With pre- and post-disaster operating as a single continuous process, basic income could provide communities with a stable flow of money, leaving them better able to adapt and respond to crises. To illustrate the theoretical framework, the book uses Mozambique, and more specifically the district of Búzi, as an instrumental case study. This innovative book will be of interest to readers across the fields of global development, African studies and humanitarian and disaster studies.




A methodology for estimating disaster-induced crop and livestock losses at the global scale


Book Description

Agriculture is particularly vulnerable to extreme climatic events, yet knowledge is lacking regarding the precise extent of losses caused by disasters in the sector. This analysis aims to provide the most extensive estimation of disaster losses (including non-hydrometeorological disasters) in the agricultural sector worldwide by including data from 197 countries and 186 commodities from 1991 to 2021, accounting for 12 000 time series and about 9 000 disaster events. The disaster events data is drawn from the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) and the records of yields, productions, cultivated areas, and prices for all commodities over the period from FAOSTAT.




Advances in Food Security and Sustainability


Book Description

Advances in Food Security and Sustainability, Volume Six looks at the challenges, constraints and solutions necessary to maintain a healthy and accessible food supply in different communities. This ongoing series addresses a wide range of issues on food sustainability and security, with chapters in this release covering the Significance of Short Food Supply Chains During Pandemic Times, Food Security Challenges and Opportunities in Indonesia Post COVID-19, Understanding the genetic diversity and association mapping of nutritional traits in graminaceous crops: Progress and prospects, and Traditional foods and food security: Actors, production, and the challenge of integration into markets before and after the pandemic. - Contains expertise from leading contributors on presented topics - Covers a vast array of subjects related to food security and sustainability - Explores challenges related to protecting environmental resources while also meeting human nutritional requirements




Tracking progress on food and agriculture-related SDG indicators 2021: A report on the indicators under FAO custodianship


Book Description

“Tracking progress on food and agriculture-related SDG indicators 2021” provides a statistical overview of progress made around the world towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to food and agriculture. The report is the third of a series of annual assessments of the SDG indicators under FAO’s responsibility. Available in digital format, this year’s edition offers detailed analyses and trends on indicators across eight SDGs (1, 2, 5, 6, 10, 12, 14 and 15), highlighting areas of progress and areas where further effort is needed. Also, for the first time, selected indicators for which FAO is a contributing agency and/or have key implications for food and agriculture are analysed. These additional indicators provide valuable insights on agricultural losses due to natural disasters, the distribution of land tenure rights, and the impact of international trade policies and regulations on agricultural trade.