The Mjølnir Impact Event and its Consequences


Book Description

The Mjølnir impact structure was recognized in 1993 and included in the Earth Impact Database in 1996, based on the discoveries of unequivocal meteorite impact indicators such as shocked quartz, Ir-enrichments, possible glass remnants, fragments of nickel-rich iron oxides, in addition to the convincing complex crater shape of the structure. This book presents the geological and geophysical history of the Barents Sea region along with the discovery of the Mjølnir impact crater. We place the Mjølnir event into the geological framework of the region and present elaborative numerical models of its formation and associated tsunami generation. The book represents an update and synthesis as well as the complete compilation of the Mjølnir crater studies.




Impact Cratering


Book Description

Impact cratering is arguably the most ubiquitous geological process in the Solar System. It has played an important role in Earth’s history, shaping the geological landscape, affecting the evolution of life, and generating economic resources. However, it was only in the latter half of the 20th century that the importance of impact cratering as a geological process was recognized and only during the past couple of decades that the study of meteorite impact structures has moved into the mainstream. This book seeks to fill a critical gap in the literature by providing an overview text covering broad aspects of the impact cratering process and aimed at graduate students, professionals and researchers alike. It introduces readers to the threat and nature of impactors, the impact cratering process, the products, and the effects – both destructive and beneficial. A series of chapters on the various techniques used to study impact craters provide a foundation for anyone studying impact craters for the first time.




Impacts in Precambrian Shields


Book Description

The present volume is the result of activities within the scientific programme "Response of the Earth System to Impact Processes" (IMP ACT) of the European Science Foundation (ESF). The ESF is an association of 67 national member organisations devoted to scientific research in 24 European countries. The IMPACT programme is aimed at understanding meteorite impact processes and their effects on the Earth System. Launched in 1998 for a duration of 5 years, the programme is now supported by 15 ESF membership countries. The programme of meteorite impact research and operates through deals with all aspects workshops, exchange programs, and short courses. The 4th IMPACT programme workshop "Meteorite Impacts in Precambrian Shields" took place on May 24-28, 2000, in Lappajarvi, western Finland. A total of 84 scientists from 19 countries from Europe, North America, and Africa participated in the workshop. During the workshop, 43 oral, 31 poster, and several video presentations were made. An exhibition of impactite rocks from Finnish craters and two excursions were organised. The excursion to impact melt rock outcrops of the Lappajarvi structure took place during the workshop. The Karikkoselka and Saaksjarvi impact structures in south-central Finland were visited during the post-meeting excursion.




Chesapeake Bay Impact Structure


Book Description

"The Chesapeake Bay impact structure is a well-documented example of a small group of multi-layer, marine-target impacts formed in continental shelves or beneath epeiric seas. New sedimentological and stratigraphical data and results--mainly from Chesapeake Bay brim cores (Watkins School, Langley, and Bayside)--are compared to and compiled with key crater core data"--




Impact Markers in the Stratigraphic Record


Book Description

The present volume is an outcome of the scientific programme “Response of the Earth System to Impact Processes” (IMPACT) by the European Science Foundation (ESF). The ESF is an association of 67 national member organizations devoted to scientific research in 24 European countries. The IMPACT programme is aimed at understanding meteorite impact processes and their effects on the Earth System. Launched in 1998 for duration of 5 years, 15 ESF member organizations now participate in this programme, which will officially end in late 2003, although the momentum gained for European (and worldwide) impact research will be carried on in other programs and organizations. The programme deals with all aspects of meteorite impact research and operates through workshops, exchange programs, publications, and short courses. This particular book is the third in an informal series on “Impact Studies”, which is published by Springer and intended to go beyond the ESF IMPACT programme by providing a venue for high quality (and peer-reviewed) monographs and conference and workshop proceedings on general topics connected to impact cratering and related research. th The 6 ESF-Impact workshop “Impact makers in the stratigraphic record” was held in Granada (Spain) on May 2001, with about sixty scientists from Europe, Taiwan, and North America attending the workshop. During the workshop 30 oral, 32 poster, and 3 keynote contributions were presented.




Tsunamiites - Features and Implications


Book Description

This book is an overview of the state-of-the art developments in sedimentology of tsunami-induced and tsunami-affected deposits, namely tsunamiites. It also highlights new problems and issues calling for additional investigation, and provides insight into the direction for future tsunamiite researches. Provides a comprehensive overview of developments in tsunamiites Investigates future trends and development needs Cutting edge research articles from leading experts aimed at researchers and scientists




Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution IV


Book Description

Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution held at the Vredefort Dome, South Africa, in Aug. 2008.




Encyclopedic Atlas of Terrestrial Impact Craters


Book Description

This comprehensive atlas explains the genesis and evolution of impact known craters on Earth, presenting a wealth of radar images from the Italian COSMO-SkyMed satellites that were acquired at the same frequency, spatial resolution, operating mode, and illumination, allowing excellent comparison of different impact structures. It also discusses in detail the processes that have hidden or erased terrestrial impact craters, and clearly explains the basic principles of remote sensing and the COSMO-SkyMed system and radar instruments. Also, the optical satellite remote sensing technique used to produce the optical images is described. The main section documents each of the exposed craters officially recognized as caused by meteoritic impact, presenting a table with the COSMO-SkyMed radar image and, where available, a Sentinel optical image and a photograph taken in situ. A short accompanying text reports the location, context, geographical coordinates, and other ancillary information to support future researches.




Evolution of the Atmosphere, Fire and the Anthropocene Climate Event Horizon


Book Description

Unique among all creatures, further to the increase in its cranial volume from Australopithecus to Homo sapiens, the use of tools and cultural and scientific creativity, the genus Homo is distinguished by the mastery of fire, which since about two million years ago has become its blueprint. Through the Holocene and culminating in the Anthropocene, the burning of much of the terrestrial vegetation, excavation and combustion of fossil carbon from up to 420 million years-old biospheres, are leading to a global oxidation event on a geological scale, a rise in entropy in nature and the sixth mass extinction of species.




Tsunamis


Book Description

The world's foremost experts write about the dynamics of geophysical processes involved in tsunami generation, propagation, and inundation, along with the statistical and geophysical properties of tsunami recurrence, and their application to tsunami forecasts and warnings.