The People Named the Chippewa


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Loosening the Seams


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Native America can look to few more inventive contemporary writers than Gerald Vizenor. This work discusses his childhood in the Minneapolis of the Depression and World War II to his becoming a professor of Native American Studies at the University of Berkeley.




Walking the Old Road


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The story of a once vibrant, now vanished off-reservation Ojibwe village—and a vital chapter of the history of the North Shore “We do this because telling where you are from is just as important as your name. It helps tie us together and gives us a strong and solid place to speak from. It is my hope that the stories of Chippewa City will be heard, shared, and remembered, and that the story of Chippewa City and the Grand Marais Chippewa will continue to grow. By being a part of the living narrative, Bimaadizi Aadizookaan, together we can create a new story about what was, what is, and, ultimately, what will be.” —from the Prologue At the turn of the nineteenth century, one mile east of Grand Marais, Minnesota, you would have found Chippewa City, a village that as many as 200 Anishinaabe families called home. Today you will find only Highway 61, private lakeshore property, and the one remaining village building: St. Francis Xavier Church. In Walking the Old Road, Staci Lola Drouillard guides readers through the story of that lost community, reclaiming for history the Ojibwe voices that have for so long, and so unceremoniously, been silenced. Blending memoir, oral history, and narrative, Walking the Old Road reaches back to a time when Chippewa City, then called Nishkwakwansing (at the edge of the forest), was home to generations of Ojibwe ancestors. Drouillard, whose own family once lived in Chippewa City, draws on memories, family history, historical analysis, and testimony passed from one generation to the next to conduct us through the ages of early European contact, government land allotment, family relocation, and assimilation. Documenting a story too often told by non-Natives, whether historians or travelers, archaeologists or settlers, Walking the Old Road gives an authentic voice to the Native American history of the North Shore. This history, infused with a powerful sense of place, connects the Ojibwe of today with the traditions of their ancestors and their descendants, recreating the narrative of Chippewa City as it was—and is and forever will be—lived.




Writing with Light


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Contributor Martin Padget's essay: Native Americans, the Photobook and the Southwest: Ansel Adams' and Mary Austin's Taos Pueblo was awarded the 2010 Arthur Miller Essay Prize. This book offers a collection of essays on the interface between literature and photography, as exemplified in important North American texts.




Assault on a Culture


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Anishinaabe ancestors first arrived in North America approximately 12,000 years ago when a thick sheet of ice covered much of the northern portion of the continent. The provenance in Asia of those peoples implies that the pathway taken to get to their Great Lakes home was long and arduous, severely testing the strength and resolve of those first Americans. For much of their tenure on the continent, the Anishinaabeg occupied a distinct, delicately balanced, socio-cultural niche that evolved primarily as responses to changes of the natural environment. Following first contact with European explorers about 500 years ago, European-Indian social and economic interactions including intermarriage, adoption of European trade goods, and loss of a life-sustaining and culture defining land base became dominant forces in Anishinaabe (Chippewa, Ottawa, and Potawatomi) culture change. The benevolent co-existence of the French, through the aggressive colonialism of the British, to the vigorous thrust by the United States to extinguish all Anishinaabe land title under the rubric of Manifest Destiny comprise the central focus of Assault on a Culture. By 1880, formal treaties between the United States and the Anishinaabeg, crafted entirely by the Americans to favor their own land-accumulating interests, led to the creation of an Indian population with little or no land to call their own and minimal talents that would be needed to survive without the land. While the various activities undertaken by the Euro-Americans put the Anishinaabe culture in extreme crisis, it was not destroyed. Today it thrives and strives to adapt to the ever changing demands of modern society, a clear indication of the strength and resolve of those indomitable people.




Shadow Distance


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A wide-ranging collection of fiction, essays, poetry and more by the acclaimed Native American author of Bearheart and Interior Landscapes. Gerald Vizenor is one of our era’s most important and prolific Native American writers. Drawing on the best work of an acclaimed career, Shadow Distance: A Gerald Vizenor Reader reveals the wide range of his imagination and the evolution of his central themes. This compelling collection includes not only selections from Vizenor’s innovative fiction, but also poetry, autobiography, essays, journalism, and the previously unpublished screenplay “Harold of Orange,” winner of the Film-in-the-Cities national screenwriting competition. Whether focusing on Native American tricksters or legal and financial claims of tribal sovereignty, Vizenor continually underscores the diversities of modern traditions, the mixed ethnicity that characterizes those who claim Native American origin, and cultural permeability of an increasingly commercial, global world.




Nationhood and Improvised Belief in American Fiction


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Nationhood and Improvised Belief in American Fiction highlights the ways religious belief and practice intersect with questions of national belonging in the work of major contemporary writers. Through readings of novels by Louise Erdrich, Toni Morrison, Cristina García, and others, this book argues that the representations of syncretic, culturally hybrid, and improvised forms of religious practice operate in these novels as critiques of exclusionary constructions of national identity, providing models for alternate ways of belonging based on shared religious beliefs and practices. Rather than treating the religious history of the U.S. as one of increasing secularization, this book instead calls for greater attention to the diversity of religious experience in the U.S., as well as a deeper understanding of the ways in which these experiences can inform relationships to the national community.




Gerald Vizenor


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Kimberly M. Blaeser begins with an examination of Vizenor's concept of Native American oral culture and his unique incorporation of oral tradition in the written word. She details Vizenor's efforts to produce a form of writing that resists static meaning, involves the writer in the creation of the literary moment, and invites political action and explores the place of Vizenor's work within the larger context of contemporary tribal literature, Native American scholarship, and critical theory.




Holding Our World Together


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A groundbreaking exploration of the remarkable women in Native American communities. Too often ignored or underemphasized in favor of their male warrior counterparts, Native American women have played a more central role in guiding their nations than has ever been understood. Many Native communities were, in fact, organized around women's labor, the sanctity of mothers, and the wisdom of female elders. In this well-researched and deeply felt account of the Ojibwe of Lake Superior and the Mississippi River, Brenda J. Child details the ways in which women have shaped Native American life from the days of early trade with Europeans through the reservation era and beyond. The latest volume in the Penguin Library of American Indian History, Holding Our World Together illuminates the lives of women such as Madeleine Cadotte, who became a powerful mediator between her people and European fur traders, and Gertrude Buckanaga, whose postwar community activism in Minneapolis helped bring many Indian families out of poverty. Drawing on these stories and others, Child offers a powerful tribute to the many courageous women who sustained Native communities through the darkest challenges of the last three centuries.




Louise Erdrich


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Louise Erdrich is one of the most critically and commercially successful Native American writers. This book is the first fully comprehensive treatment of Erdrich’s writing, analysing the textual complexities and diverse contexts of her work to date. Drawing on the critical archive relating to Erdrich’s work and Native American literature, Stirrup explores the full depth and range of her authorship. Breaking Erdrich’s oeuvre into several groupings - poetry, early and late fiction, memoir and children’s writing - Stirrup develops individual readings of both the critical arguments and the texts themselves. He argues that Erdrich’s work has developed an increasing political acuity to the relationship between ethics and aesthetics in Native American literatures. Erdrich’s insistence on being read as an American writer is shown to be in constant and mutually-inflecting dialogue with her Ojibwe heritage. This sophisticated analysis is of use to students and readers at all levels of engagement with Erdrich’s writing.