Comparative Linear Accuracy and Reliability of Cone Beam CT Derived 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional Images Constructed Using an Orthodontic Volumetric Rendering Program


Book Description

The purpose of this project was to compare the accuracy and reliability of linear measurements made on 2D projections and 3D reconstructions using Dolphin 3D software (Chatsworth, CA) as compared to direct measurements made on human skulls. The linear dimensions between 6 bilateral and 8 mid-sagittal anatomical landmarks on 23 dentate dry human skulls were measured three times by multiple observers using a digital caliper to provide twenty orthodontic linear measurements. The skulls were stabilized and imaged via PSP digital cephalometry as well as CBCT. The PSP cephalograms were imported into Dolphin (Chatsworth, CA, USA) and the 3D volumetric data set was imported into Dolphin 3D (Version 2.3, Chatsworth, CA, USA).Using Dolphin 3D, planar cephalograms as well as 3D volumetric surface reconstructions were (3D CBCT) generated. The linear measurements between landmarks of each three modalities were then computed by a single observer three times. For 2D measurements, a one way ANOVA for each measurement dimension was calculated as well as a post hoc Scheffe multiple comparison test with the anatomic distance as the control group. 3D measurements were compared to anatomic truth using Student's t test (P [less than or equal to] 50.05). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and absolute linear and percentage error were determined as indices of intraobserver reliability. Our results show that for 2D mid sagittal measurements that Simulated LC images are accurate and similar to those from PSP images (except for Ba-Na), and for bilateral measurements simulated LC measurements were similar to PSP but less accurate, underestimating dimensions by between 4.7% to 17%.For 3D volumetric renderings, 2/3 rd of CBCT measurements are statistically different from actual measurements, however this possibly is not clinically relevant.







Orthodontics: Diagnosis and Management of Malocclusion and Dentofacial Deformities, E-Book


Book Description

The second edition is expanded and rejuvenated with a greater focus on PG students, orthodontic educators, UG students and practitioners. The book covers entire panorama of science and clinical practice of orthodontics, from basics to clinical, presented in 58 chapters organised in 15 sections. The information is provided in-depth, literature supported, complimented with real life scenarios and case reports. A special effort has been made to include structured information on subjects of relevance which are much talked about but found only in journals. Contains a balanced blend of texts, graphics, boxes and clinical case reports encountered in clinical practice A comprehensive coverage of cephalometric radiology, ethnic norms and advances in three-dimensional imaging A detailed step by step approach to orthodontic treatment with contemporary fixed appliances, from diagnosis to finishing Provides an up-to-date information on topics of day-to-day relevance such as epidemiology of malocclusion and orthodontic indices, psychological aspects of orthodontics, debonding, care and maintenance of occlusion after orthodontic treatment Presents updated information on temporary anchorage devices (TAD), impacted and transposed teeth, inter-disciplinary treatment, management of cleft lip and palate and orthognathic surgery Emerging fields such as surgically facilitated rapid tooth movement, distraction osteogenesis and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) are included with up-to-date clinically relevant information Includes Companion Website containing procedural videos







Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Orthodontics


Book Description

Since its introduction to dentistry, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has undergone a rapid evolution and considerable integration into orthodontics. However, despite the increasing popularity of CBCT and progress in applying it to clinical orthodontics, the profession has lacked a cohesive, comprehensive and objective reference that provides clinicians with the background needed to utilize this technology optimally for treating their patients. Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Orthodontics provides timely, impartial, and state-of-the-art information on the indications and protocols for CBCT imaging in orthodontics, clinical insights gained from these images, and innovations driven by these insights. As such, it is the most current and authoritative textbook on CBCT in orthodontics. Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Orthodontics is organized to progress sequentially through specific topics so as to build the knowledgebase logically in this important and rapidly evolving field. Part I provides the foundational information on CBCT technology, including radiation exposure and risks, and future evolutions in computed tomography. Part II presents the Principles and Protocols for CBCT Imaging in Orthodontics, focusing on developing evidence-based criteria for CBCT imaging, the medico-legal implications of CBCT to the professional and the protocols and integration of this technology in orthodontic practice. Part III provides critical information on CBCT-based Diagnosis and Treatment Planning that includes how to interpret CBCT scans, identify incidental pathologies and the possible other uses of this technology. Part IV covers practical aspects of CBCT’s Clinical Applications and Treatment Outcomes that encompasses a range of topics, including root morphology and position, treatment of impacted teeth, virtual surgical treatment planning and outcomes, and more.




Orthodontics


Book Description

This second edition has been rewritten to reflect changes in the field. Concentrating on the most current concepts and best treatment methods in modern orthodontics, it provides an overview of diagnosis and treatment planning, followed by descriptions of orthodontic techniques.




Rapid Maxillary Expansion


Book Description