The Structure of the Real Line


Book Description

The rapid development of set theory in the last fifty years, mainly by obtaining plenty of independence results, strongly influenced an understanding of the structure of the real line. This book is devoted to the study of the real line and its subsets taking into account the recent results of set theory. Whenever possible the presentation is done without the full axiom of choice. Since the book is intended to be self-contained, all necessary results of set theory, topology, measure theory, and descriptive set theory are revisited with the purpose of eliminating superfluous use of an axiom of choice. The duality of measure and category is studied in a detailed manner. Several statements pertaining to properties of the real line are shown to be undecidable in set theory. The metamathematics behind set theory is shortly explained in the appendix. Each section contains a series of exercises with additional results.




Set Theory


Book Description

This research level monograph reflects the current state of the field and provides a reference for graduate students entering the field as well as for established researchers.




Introduction to Real Analysis


Book Description

Using an extremely clear and informal approach, this book introduces readers to a rigorous understanding of mathematical analysis and presents challenging math concepts as clearly as possible. The real number system. Differential calculus of functions of one variable. Riemann integral functions of one variable. Integral calculus of real-valued functions. Metric Spaces. For those who want to gain an understanding of mathematical analysis and challenging mathematical concepts.




An Introduction to Measure Theory


Book Description

This is a graduate text introducing the fundamentals of measure theory and integration theory, which is the foundation of modern real analysis. The text focuses first on the concrete setting of Lebesgue measure and the Lebesgue integral (which in turn is motivated by the more classical concepts of Jordan measure and the Riemann integral), before moving on to abstract measure and integration theory, including the standard convergence theorems, Fubini's theorem, and the Carathéodory extension theorem. Classical differentiation theorems, such as the Lebesgue and Rademacher differentiation theorems, are also covered, as are connections with probability theory. The material is intended to cover a quarter or semester's worth of material for a first graduate course in real analysis. There is an emphasis in the text on tying together the abstract and the concrete sides of the subject, using the latter to illustrate and motivate the former. The central role of key principles (such as Littlewood's three principles) as providing guiding intuition to the subject is also emphasized. There are a large number of exercises throughout that develop key aspects of the theory, and are thus an integral component of the text. As a supplementary section, a discussion of general problem-solving strategies in analysis is also given. The last three sections discuss optional topics related to the main matter of the book.




Elements of the Theory of Functions and Functional Analysis


Book Description

Advanced-level text, now available in a single volume, discusses metric and normed spaces, continuous curves in metric spaces, measure theory, Lebesque intervals, Hilbert space, more. Exercises. 1957 edition.




Vector Bundles - Vol 1


Book Description

Vector Bundles - Vol 1




Applied Functional Analysis


Book Description

Through numerous illustrative examples and comments, Applied Functional Analysis, Second Edition demonstrates the rigor of logic and systematic, mathematical thinking. It presents the mathematical foundations that lead to classical results in functional analysis. More specifically, the text prepares students to learn the variational theory of partial differential equations, distributions and Sobolev spaces, and numerical analysis with an emphasis on finite element methods. While retaining the structure of its best-selling predecessor, this second edition includes revisions of many original examples, along with new examples that often reflect the authors’ own vast research experiences and perspectives. This edition also provides many more exercises as well as a solutions manual for qualifying instructors. Each chapter begins with an extensive introduction and concludes with a summary and historical comments that frequently refer to other sources. New to the Second Edition Completely revised section on lim sup and lim inf New discussions of connected sets, probability, Bayesian statistical inference, and the generalized (integral) Minkowski inequality New sections on elements of multilinear algebra and determinants, the singular value decomposition theorem, the Cauchy principal value, and Hadamard finite part integrals New example of a Lebesgue non-measurable set Ideal for a two-semester course, this proven textbook teaches students how to prove theorems and prepares them for further study of more advanced mathematical topics. It helps them succeed in formulating research questions in a mathematically rigorous way.




Special Relativity


Book Description

This textbook develops Special Relativity in a systematic way and offers problems with detailed solutions to empower students to gain a real understanding of this core subject in physics. This new edition has been thoroughly updated and has new sections on relativistic fluids, relativistic kinematics and on four-acceleration. The problems and solution section has been significantly expanded and short history sections have been included throughout the book. The approach is structural in the sense that it develops Special Relativity in Minkowski space following the parallel steps as the development of Newtonian Physics in Euclidian space. A second characteristic of the book is that it discusses the mathematics of the theory independently of the physical principles, so that the reader will appreciate their role in the development of the physical theory. The book is intended to be used both as a textbook for an advanced undergraduate teaching course in Special Relativity but also as a reference book for the future.




New Computational Paradigms


Book Description

This superb exposition of a complex subject examines new developments in the theory and practice of computation from a mathematical perspective, with topics ranging from classical computability to complexity, from biocomputing to quantum computing. This book is suitable for researchers and graduate students in mathematics, philosophy, and computer science with a special interest in logic and foundational issues. Most useful to graduate students are the survey papers on computable analysis and biological computing. Logicians and theoretical physicists will also benefit from this book.




Mathematical Logic


Book Description