Book Description

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1875 edition. Excerpt: ...Transverse process usually very short, but thick and strong for ligaments. Twelfth dorsal. Body more like that of a. lumbar, presents a single whole lateral facet for the twelfth rib. Transverse process short, having no articular facet. Articular process, lower are convex from side to side and looking outwards. Eleventh dorsal. Body somewhat like that of a lumbar, presents a single whole lateral facet for the eleventh rib. Transverse process has no articular facet. Tenth dorsal. Body presents a single whole lateral facet above for the tenth rib. Ninth dorsal. Body presents a single half-facet above for part of the ninth rib; no half-facet below. First dorsal. Body, upper surface concave and with projecting lips; side presenting entire facet above for the first rib, and half-facet below for half of the second rib. Spinous process horizontal, long, clubbed at the end. note.--The body of the fourth dorsal vertebra is usually the smallest; from this point they increase in size as they are traced upwards and downwards. The spinous processes become shorter and more horizontal from the eighth downwards. Seventh cervical. Spinous process thick, long, clubbed not bifurcated. Transverse process: vertebral foramen small or deficient in consequence of the vertebral artery not passing through this bone. Sometimes a small epiphysis exists on the tip of each, or of one transverse process, resembling in situation and form a rudimentary rib. Second cervical or axis. Body, having on its upper side a tooth-like process, odontoid process, which is smooth in front for articulation with the anterior arch of the atlas, smooth behind for contact with the transverse or crucial ligament which binds it in place, rough above for ligaments (check or odontoid...