Bangladesh/h


Book Description

A thorough treatment and detailed study of the governmental and economic development of Bangladesh.




Tests and Proofs


Book Description

1 This volume contains the research papers and invited papers presented at the Third International Conference on Tests and Proofs (TAP 2009) held at ETH Zurich, Switzerland, during July 2–3, 2009. TheTAPconferenceisdevotedtotheconvergenceofproofsandtests. Itc- bines ideasfromboth sidesforthe advancementofsoftwarequality. Toprovethe correctness of a program is to demonstrate, through impeccable mathematical techniques, that it has no bugs; to test a program is to run it with the exp- tation of discovering bugs. The two techniques seem contradictory: if you have proved your program, it is fruitless to comb it for bugs; and if you are testing it, that is surely a sign that you have given up on any hope of proving its corre- ness. Accordingly, proofs and tests have, since the onset of software engineering research,been pursuedby distinct communities using ratherdi?erent techniques and tools. And yet the development of both approaches leads to the discovery of common issues and to the realization that each may need the other. The emergence of model checking has been one of the ?rst signs that contradiction may yield to complementarity, but in the past few years an increasing number of research e?orts have encountered the need for combining proofs and tests, dropping earlier dogmatic views of incompatibility and taking instead the best of what each of these software engineering domains has to o?er.




The IT4ITTM Standard, Version 3.0


Book Description

This publication is the specification of The Open Group IT4IT Standard, Version 3.0, a standard of The Open Group. It describes a reference architecture that can be used to manage the business of Information Technology (IT) and the associated end-to-end lifecycle management of Digital Products. It is intended to provide a prescriptive Target Architecture and clear guidance for the transformation of existing technology management practices for a faster, scalable, automated, and practical approach to deploying product-based investment models and providing an unprecedented level of operational control and measurable value. This foundational IT4IT Reference Architecture is independent of specific technologies, vendors, organization structures, process models, and methodologies. It can be mapped to any existing technology landscape. It is flexible enough to accommodate the continuing evolution of operational and management paradigms for technology. It addresses every Digital Product lifecycle phase from investment decision-making to end-of-life. The IT4IT Standard addresses a critical gap in the Digital Transformation toolkit: the need for a unifying architectural model that describes and connects the capabilities, value streams, functions, and operational data needed to manage a Digital Product Portfolio at scale. The IT4IT Standard provides an approach to making digital investment decisions and managing digital outcomes that is particularly useful for: • C-level executives responsible for Digital Transformation, as a top-down view of digital value creation • Product Managers and Product Marketing Managers whose portfolios include significant digital content, as a way to integrate marketing priorities with product delivery practices • Governance, risk, and compliance practitioners, as a guide to controlling a modern digital landscape • Enterprise and IT Architects, as a template for IT tool rationalization and for governing end-to-end technology management architectures • Technology buyers, as the basis for Requests for Information (RFIs) and Requests for Proposals (RFPs) and as a template for evaluating product completeness • Consultants and assessors, as a guide for evaluating current practice against a well-defined standard • Technology vendors, as a guide for product design and customer integrations • Technical support staff, as a guide for automating and scaling up support services to deal with modern technology deployment velocity




Essential Testing


Book Description

Essential Testing provides detailed insight into bringing testing agility to any software project including ones with lots of rigidity. It introduces a realistic view of software testing that includes the concepts and methods needed to get the software testing job done in an efficient manner. It is based on practical Use Case driven testing techniques that work on any software development project, even those where Use Cases aren't front and center.Skipping the ceremony testing concepts are presented and tied together in a sequential and straightforward fashion, while injecting real world, less than perfect examples in the form of "war stories". Testing methods and techniques are described in a common sense manner that is easy to understand This is a book for testers looking for hands on tools and help - and for software managers and developers looking for a different approach to software testing, one that focuses on being agile no matter what type of project.




An Introduction to TTCN-3


Book Description

Looking for a solid introduction to the TTCN-3 language and its use? An Introduction to TTCN-3 is just what you need. All the important concepts and constructs of the language are explained in a tutorial style with the emphasis on extensive examples. Throughout the author also addresses the larger picture of how the testing language is related to the overall test system implementation. A complete tutorial reference on TTCN-3 with real-world examples and expert advice based on author’s practical industrial experience using the standard. Offering a unique insider perspective: Nokia has been instrumental in the development of both the language and tools associated with TTCN-3 and the author is in a unique position to document this experience to help and guide new users. And an associated web site that contains code samples from the book and links to the relevant standards documents. This book provides the perfect companion to the available TTCN-3 language standards filling the gaps in areas such as style guide, structuring, and pointing out the dangers or pitfalls based on the author’s personal TTCN-3 experience from language standardization, tool implementation and applying TTCN-3 for a number of years in the real world. The style and level of the book make it suitable for both engineers learning and applying the language in the real world and students learning TTCN-3 as part of their studies.




Testing Techniques in Software Engineering


Book Description

The Pernambuco School on Software Engineering (PSSE) 2007 was the second in a series of events devoted to the study of advanced computer science and to the promotion of international scienti?c collaboration. The main theme in 2007 was testing. Testing is nowadays a key activity for assuring software quality. The summer school and its proceedings were intended to give a detailed tutorial introduction to the scienti?c basis of this activity and its state of the art. Theseproceedingsrecordthecontributionsfromtheinvitedlecturers.Eachof thechaptersistheresultofathoroughrevisionoftheinitialnotesprovidedtothe participants of the school. The revision was inspired by the synergy generated by the opportunity for the lecturers to present and discuss their work among themselves and with the school’s attendees. The editors have tried to produce a coherent view of the topic by harmonizing these contributions, smoothing out di?erences in notation and approach, and providing links between the lectures. We apologize to the authors for any errors introduced by our extensive editing. Although the chapters are linked in severalways, each one is su?ciently se- contained to be read in isolation. Nevertheless, Chap. 1 should be read ?rst by those interested in an introduction to testing. Chapter 1 introduces the terminology adopted in this book. It also provides an overview of the testing process, and of the types (functional, structural, and so on)anddimensions(unit,integration,andsoon)ofthetestingactivity.Themain strategies employed in the central activity of test selection are also discussed. Most of the material presented in this introductory chapter is addressedin more depth in the following chapters.




Explorations in Exegetical Method


Book Description

This volume plows new ground by focusing on exegetical method using one of Paul's letters, thus enabling the method to be worked out in greater detail and with more consistency than is possible in a traditional textbook on exegesis.




Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Design and Test Case Analysis


Book Description

A practical introduction to techniques for the design of electronic products from the Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) perspective Introduces techniques for the design of electronic products from the EMC aspects Covers normalized EMC requirements and design principles to assure product compatibility Describes the main topics for the control of electromagnetic interferences and recommends design improvements to meet international standards requirements (FCC, EU EMC directive, Radio acts, etc.) Well organized in a logical sequence which starts from basic knowledge and continues through the various aspects required for compliance with EMC requirements Includes practical examples and case studies to illustrate design features and troubleshooting Author is the founder of the EMC design risk evaluation approach and this book presents many years’ experience in teaching and researching the topic




Comprehensive Functional Verification


Book Description

One of the biggest challenges in chip and system design is determining whether the hardware works correctly. That is the job of functional verification engineers and they are the audience for this comprehensive text from three top industry professionals.As designs increase in complexity, so has the value of verification engineers within the hardware design team. In fact, the need for skilled verification engineers has grown dramatically--functional verification now consumes between 40 and 70% of a project's labor, and about half its cost. Currently there are very few books on verification for engineers, and none that cover the subject as comprehensively as this text. A key strength of this book is that it describes the entire verification cycle and details each stage. The organization of the book follows the cycle, demonstrating how functional verification engages all aspects of the overall design effort and how individual cycle stages relate to the larger design process. Throughout the text, the authors leverage their 35 plus years experience in functional verification, providing examples and case studies, and focusing on the skills, methods, and tools needed to complete each verification task. Comprehensive overview of the complete verification cycle Combines industry experience with a strong emphasis on functional verification fundamentals Includes real-world case studies




Software Testing in the Cloud: Perspectives on an Emerging Discipline


Book Description

In recent years, cloud computing has gained a significant amount of attention by providing more flexible ways to store applications remotely. With software testing continuing to be an important part of the software engineering life cycle, the emergence of software testing in the cloud has the potential to change the way software testing is performed. Software Testing in the Cloud: Perspectives on an Emerging Discipline is a comprehensive collection of research by leading experts in the field providing an overview of cloud computing and current issues in software testing and system migration. Deserving the attention of researchers, practitioners, and managers, this book aims to raise awareness about this new field of study.