Principles of Chemical Sensors


Book Description

Do not learn the tricks of the trade, learn the trade I started teachinggraduate coursesin chemical sensors in early 1980s, ?rst as a o- quarter (30 h) class then as a semester course and also as several intensive, 4–5-day courses. Later I organized my lecture notes into the ?rst edition of this book, which was published by Plenum in 1989 under the title Principles of Chemical Sensors. I started working on the second edition in 2006. The new edition of Principles of Chemical Sensors is a teaching book, not a textbook. Let me explain the difference. Textbooks usually cover some more or less narrow subject in maximum depth. Such an approach is not possible here. The subject of chemical sensors is much too broad, spanning many aspects of physical and analytical chemistry, biochemistry, materials science, solid-state physics, optics, device fabrication, electrical engine- ing, statistical analysis, and so on. The challengefor me has been to present uniform logical coverage of such a large area. In spite of its relatively shallow depth, it is intended as a graduate course. At its present state the amount of material is more thancan be coveredin a one-semestercourse (45h). Two one-quartercourseswould be more appropriate. Because of the breadth of the material, the sensor course has a somewhat unexpected but, it is hoped, bene?cial effect.




Chemical Sensors VI


Book Description




MCM C/Mixed Technologies and Thick Film Sensors


Book Description

Multi-chip modules (MCMs) with high wiring density, controlled impedance interconnects, and thermal management capability have recently been developed to address the problems posed by advances in electronic systems that make demands for higher speeds and complexity. MCM-C/Mixed Technologies and Thick Film Sensors highlights recent advances in MCM-C technology. Developments in materials and processes which have led to increased interconnection density are reviewed: finer resolution thick film inks, high performance-low temperature dielectric tapes, precision via generation by both laser and mechanical methods, and enhanced screen printing technologies have given us feature resolution to the 50 mum line/space level. Thermal management has greatly benefitted from such new materials as cofire AIN and diamond. MCM-C technology is compatible with thick film sensors, and work is reviewed on environmental gas sensors, pressure and temperature sensors, and the development of novel materials in this area.




Chemical Sensors


Book Description

At the beginning of this book, and in the absence of guidance from IUPAC, it is appropriate to clarify the term 'chemical sensor'. A chemical sensor may be defined as a simple-to-use, robust device that is capable of reliable quantitative or qualitative recognition of atomic, molecular or ionic species. It is hard to imagine a field of applied chemistry in which a significant impact could not be made by such a device. Undoubtedly, it is this potential that has fuelled the contemporary preoccupation with chemical sensors. An unfortunate side-effect of this otherwise welcome interest is the use of the term 'chemical sensor' to add the chemical equivalent of a 'High-Tech gloss' to a rather ordinary device, publication, conference or research group. This loose usage of terminology is responsible in part for the ambiguity that surrounds many chemists' concepts of the form and function of chemical sensors. Further ambiguity arises from the extravagant claims that have been made for some sensors, and the impression that has been given of much 'verging-on-a-breakthrough' research. The research chemist engaged in sensor development should be mindful of the fact that the ultimate target for these devices is the real world, and that a successful laboratory device operating under well-defined conditions and careful calibration does not constitute a chemical sensor. Research into chemical sensors is not a recent phenomenon; it has been under way for over 80 years.




Chemical Sensors


Book Description

Research in the area of chemical and biochemical sensors and the development of respective applications is still growing rapidly. This book aims at instructing researcher and practitioners in both disciplines in a strictly systematic, interdisciplinary and practice-oriented way about the basic technology of chemical and biochemical sensors. This concise volume bridges the gap between the different "ways of thinking" in chemistry, physics and engineering. It provides a firm grounding for engineers, industrial and academic researcher in the field, for practitioners and novices as well as for advanced students.




Electrochemical Sensors Technology


Book Description

This book Electrochemical Sensors Technology mostly reviews the modem methods and significant electrochemical and electroanalytical applications of chemical sensors and biosensors. Chapters of this book are invited and contributed from the experts throughout the world from prominent researchers and scientists in the field of sensors and in the field of electro- and biochemistry. Each chapter provides technical and methodological details beyond the level found in typical journal articles or reviews and explores the application of chemical sensors, environmental sensors, and biosensors to a significant problem in biomedical and environmental science, also providing a prospectus for the future. This book compiles with the expert knowledge of many specialists in the construction and use of chemical sensors and biosensors including chemical sensors, biological sensors, DNA sensors, immunosensors, gaseous sensors, ionic sensors, bioassay sensors, lab-on-chips, devices, portable sensors, microchips, nanosensors, implantable microsensors, and so on in the field of fundamental and applied electrochemistry. Highlights and importance are laid on real or practical problems, ranging from chemical application to biomedical monitoring, from in vitro to in vivo, and from single cell to animal to human measurement. This offers a unique opportunity of exchanging and combining the scientist or researcher in electrochemical sensors in largely chemistry, biological engineering, electronic engineering, and biomedical and physiological fields.




Multilayer Thin Films


Book Description

This book, "Multilayer Thin Films-Versatile Applications for Materials Engineering", includes thirteen chapters related to the preparations, characterizations, and applications in the modern research of materials engineering. The evaluation of nanomaterials in the form of different shapes, sizes, and volumes needed for utilization in different kinds of gadgets and devices. Since the recently developed two-dimensional carbon materials are proving to be immensely important for new configurations in the miniature scale in the modern technology, it is imperative to innovate various atomic and molecular arrangements for the modifications of structural properties. Of late, graphene and graphene-related derivatives have been proven as the most versatile two-dimensional nanomaterials with superb mechanical, electrical, electronic, optical, and magnetic properties. To understand the in-depth technology, an effort has been made to explain the basics of nano dimensional materials. The importance of nano particles in various aspects of nano technology is clearly indicated. There is more than one chapter describing the use of nanomaterials as sensors. In this volume, an effort has been made to clarify the use of such materials from non-conductor to highly conducting species. It is expected that this book will be useful to the postgraduate and research students as this is a multidisciplinary subject.




Chemical Sensors


Book Description

Chemical sensors are integral to the automation of myriad industrial processes, as well as everyday monitoring of such activities as public safety, engine performance, medical therapeutics, and many more. This massive reference work will cover all major categories of chemical sensor materials and devices, and their general functional usage...from monitoring and analyzing gases, to analyzing liquids and compounds of all kinds. This is THE reference work on sensors used for chemical detection and analysis. In this fourth volume will be found detailed background on all major classes of solid-state-based chemical sensors including metal oxide-based conductometric gas sensors; Schottky-, FET-, and work-function chemical sensors; capacitance-type chemical sensors; pyroelectric (thermoelectric) gas sensors; some new views on Pellistors; mass-sensitive chemical sensors; acoustic-wave-chemical sensors; and integrated chemical sensors.




Chemical Sensors for Hostile Environments


Book Description

This volume presents information on the unique topic of chemical sensors. It focuses on the materials, manufacturing, theory and application of sensors. It is a resource that researchers, students, and those involved in the the design and manufacturing of ceramics will find of critical importance. Proceedings of the symposium held at the 103rd Annual Meeting of The American Ceramic Society, April 22-25, 2001, in Indiana; Ceramic Transactions, Volume 130.




Smart Sensors for Environmental and Medical Applications


Book Description

Provides an introduction to the topic of smart chemical sensors, along with an overview of the state of the art based on potential applications This book presents a comprehensive overview of chemical sensors, ranging from the choice of material to sensor validation, modeling, simulation, and manufacturing. It discusses the process of data collection by intelligent techniques such as deep learning, multivariate analysis, and others. It also incorporates different types of smart chemical sensors and discusses each under a common set of sub-sections so that readers can fully understand the advantages and disadvantages of the relevant transducers—depending on the design, transduction mode, and final applications. Smart Sensors for Environmental and Medical Applications covers all major aspects of the field of smart chemical sensors, including working principle and related theory, sensor materials, classification of respective transducer type, relevant fabrication processes, methods for data analysis, and suitable applications. Chapters address field effect transistors technologies for biological and chemical sensors, mammalian cell–based electrochemical sensors for label-free monitoring of analytes, electronic tongues, chemical sensors based on metal oxides, metal oxide (MOX) gas sensor electronic interfaces, and more. Addressing the limitations and challenges in obtaining state-of-the-art smart biochemical sensors, this book: Balances the fundamentals of sensor design, fabrication, characterization, and analysis with advanced methods Categorizes sensors into sub-types and describes their working, focusing on prominent applications Describes instrumentation and IoT networking methods of chemical transducers that can be used for inexpensive, accurate detection in commercialized smart chemical sensors Covers monitoring of food spoilage using polydiacetylene- and liposome-based sensors; smart and intelligent E-nose for sensitive and selective chemical sensing applications; odor sensing system; and microwave chemical sensors Smart Sensors for Environmental and Medical Applications is an important book for senior-level undergraduate and graduate students learning about this high-performance technology and its many applications. It will also inform practitioners and researchers involved in the creation and use of smart sensors.