Toxicity of Plastics and Rubber in Fire


Book Description

This report does not seek to single out synthetic polymers as a special case. It aims to provide an overview of the whole subject of combustion toxicity and threat to life, whilst supplying specific information on the most frequently encountered polymeric materials, and combustion products such as dioxins which have received high levels of media attention. An additional indexed section containing several hundred abstracts from the Rapra Polymer Library database provides useful references for further reading.







Fire Toxicity of Plastics


Book Description




Fire Hazards of the Plastics Industry


Book Description




Fire Toxicity


Book Description

Toxic fire effluents are responsible for the majority of fire deaths, and an increasing large majority of fire injuries, driven by the widespread and increasing use of synthetic polymers. Fire safety has focused on preventing ignition and reducing flame spread through reducing the rate of heat release, while neglecting the important issue of fire toxicity. This is the first reference work on fire toxicity and the only scientific publication on the subject in the last 15 years. Assessment of toxic effects of fires is increasingly being recognised as a key factor in the assessment of fire hazards. This book raises important issues including the types of toxic effluents that different fires produce, their physiological effects, methods for generation and assessment of fire toxicity, current and proposed regulations and approaches to modelling the toxic impact of fires. The contributors to Fire toxicity represent an international team of the leading experts in each aspect of this challenging and important field. This book provides an important reference work for professionals in the fire community, including fire fighters, fire investigators, regulators, fire safety engineers, and formulators of fire-safe materials. It will also prove invaluable to researchers in academia and industry. Investigates the controversial subject of toxic effluents as the cause of the majority of fire deaths and injuries Describes the different types of toxic effluents and the specific fires that they produce, their physiological effects and methods for generation Provides an overview of national and international fire safety regulations including current and proposed regulations such as a standardized framework for prediction of fire gas toxicity




Plastics


Book Description

Presented here in detail is a number of generally accepted, standardised inflammability tests. A comprehensive survey of ISO, IEC, ASTN, VL, BS and DIN is given and other standards are also mentioned. The testing of materials, products and full-scale model-testing are described. Furthermore, the book describes methods for reducing the inflammability of plastics, various techniques for fires involving plastics and fire regulations.







Polymer Green Flame Retardants


Book Description

Polymer Green Flame Retardants covers key issues regarding the response of polymers during fire, the mechanisms of their flame retardation, the regulations imposed on their use, and the health hazards arising from their combustion. Presenting the latest research developments, the book focuses in particular on nanocomposites, believed to be the most promising approach for producing physically superior materials with low flammability and ecological impact. The fire properties of nanocomposites of various matrixes and fillers are discussed, the toxicological characteristics of these materials are analyzed, addressing also their environmental sustainability. Edited by distinguished scientists, including an array of international industry and academia experts, this book will appeal to chemical, mechanical, environmental, material and process engineers, upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines, and generally to researchers developing commercially attractive and environmentally friendly fire-proof products. Provides recent findings on the manufacture of environmentally sustainable flame retardant polymeric materials Covers legislation and regulations concerning flame retarded polymeric material use Includes tables containing the fire properties of the most common polymeric materials




Wiley Guide to Chemical Incompatibilities


Book Description

"This book should be a required reference on the laboratory'ssafety shelf as no where else is so much useful informationavailable in a single volume." ?Inside Laboratory Management, on the Second Edition "...a portable reference on reactive substances to guide allpersonnel...in charge of the handling, storage, and transportationof chemical materials." ?Journal of the American Chemical Society, on the SecondEdition The authoritative resource on dangerous chemical interactionsnow enlarged, revised, and even more useful. The term "incompatibilities" describes a wide range of chemicalreactions that produce undesirable results in noncontrolledsituations: the generation of toxic gases, fire, explosions,corrosive activity, polymerization, ruptured containers, creationof more dangerous compounds, and the like. A portable andeasy-to-use reference on reactive substances commonly found incommerce, the Wiley Guide to Chemical Incompatibilities, ThirdEdition compiles hard-to-find data on over 11,000 chemicalcompounds, providing chemists, technicians, and engineers athorough, lightning-quick resource to use during experimentalpreparation and in the event of an emergency. More than a revision of the previous edition, this ThirdEdition has been rewritten and expanded to broaden coverage andimprove its usefulness. It contains nearly 9,000 chemicalincompatibility profiles and nearly 250 new entries, coveringflammability, violent and explosive binary reactions,incompatibilities, and reactions that may result from physicalchange. Alphabetical organization provides concise incompatibilityprofiles for thousands of commonly used commercial chemicals,allowing readers to look up a given substance and instantly learnwhether it is incompatible with common materials, other chemicalsubstances, structural materials, or personal protectiveequipment. New for the Third Edition: Chemicals that have the potential to cause disasters Chemical formulas and autoignition temperatures More flash points, as well as molecular formulas, lower andupper explosive limits, autoignition temperatures, andNFPA®-type (Red) numerical fire codes Safety reminders All entries keyed by CAS numbers to eliminate possibleconfusion among synonyms Spanish-, French-, and German-language entries forinternational use Revised glossary helps users who may not be chemists withgeneral chemical terms With thousands of new entries and easy-to-use organization, theThird Edition of the Wiley Guide to ChemicalIncompatibilities remains a handy resource for all safety,first-response, and plant management professionals responsible forthe handling, storage, and conveyance of chemical materials.




Slow Death by Rubber Duck


Book Description

Funny, thought-provoking, and incredibly disturbing, Slow Death by Rubber Duck reveals that just the living of daily life creates a chemical soup inside each of us. Pollution is no longer just about belching smokestacks and ugly sewer pipes - now, it's personal. The most dangerous pollution has always come from commonplace items in our homes and workplaces. Smith and Lourie ingested and inhaled a host of things that surround all of us all the time. This book exposes the extent to which we are poisoned every day of our lives. For this book, over the period of a week - the kind of week that would be familiar to most people - the authors use their own bodies as the reference point and tell the story of pollution in our modern world, the miscreant corporate giants who manufacture the toxins, the weak-kneed government officials who let it happen, and the effects on people and families across the globe. Parents and concerned citizens will have to read this book. Key concerns raised in Slow Death by Rubber Duck: * Flame-retardant chemicals from electronics and household dust polluting our blood. * Toxins in our urine caused by leaching from plastics and run-of-the-mill shampoos, toothpastes and deodorant. * Mercury in our blood from eating tuna. * The chemicals that build up in our body when carpets and upholstery off-gas. Ultimately hopeful, the book empowers readers with some simple ideas for protecting themselves and their families, and changing things for the better. From the Hardcover edition.