ITS Sensors and Architectures for Traffic Management and Connected Vehicles


Book Description

An intelligent transportation system (ITS) offers considerable opportunities for increasing the safety, efficiency, and predictability of traffic flow and reducing vehicle emissions. Sensors (or detectors) enable the effective gathering of arterial and controlled-access highway information in support of automatic incident detection, active transportation and demand management, traffic-adaptive signal control, and ramp and freeway metering and dispatching of emergency response providers. As traffic flow sensors are integrated with big data sources such as connected and cooperative vehicles, and cell phones and other Bluetooth-enabled devices, more accurate and timely traffic flow information can be obtained. The book examines the roles of traffic management centers that serve cities, counties, and other regions, and the collocation issues that ensue when multiple agencies share the same space. It describes sensor applications and data requirements for several ITS strategies; sensor technologies; sensor installation, initialization, and field-testing procedures; and alternate sources of traffic flow data. The book addresses concerns related to the introduction of automated and connected vehicles, and the benefits that systems engineering and national ITS architectures in the US, Europe, Japan, and elsewhere bring to ITS. Sensor and data fusion benefits to traffic management are described, while the Bayesian and Dempster–Shafer approaches to data fusion are discussed in more detail. ITS Sensors and Architectures for Traffic Management and Connected Vehicles suits the needs of personnel in transportation institutes and highway agencies, and students in undergraduate or graduate transportation engineering courses.




Traffic Signal Timing Manual


Book Description

This report serves as a comprehensive guide to traffic signal timing and documents the tasks completed in association with its development. The focus of this document is on traffic signal control principles, practices, and procedures. It describes the relationship between traffic signal timing and transportation policy and addresses maintenance and operations of traffic signals. It represents a synthesis of traffic signal timing concepts and their application and focuses on the use of detection, related timing parameters, and resulting effects to users at the intersection. It discusses advanced topics briefly to raise awareness related to their use and application. The purpose of the Signal Timing Manual is to provide direction and guidance to managers, supervisors, and practitioners based on sound practice to proactively and comprehensively improve signal timing. The outcome of properly training staff and proactively operating and maintaining traffic signals is signal timing that reduces congestion and fuel consumption ultimately improving our quality of life and the air we breathe. This manual provides an easy-to-use concise, practical and modular guide on signal timing. The elements of signal timing from policy and funding considerations to timing plan development, assessment, and maintenance are covered in the manual. The manual is the culmination of research into practices across North America and serves as a reference for a range of practitioners, from those involved in the day to day management, operation and maintenance of traffic signals to those that plan, design, operate and maintain these systems.




Connected Vehicles


Book Description

This book introduces concepts and technologies of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). It describes state of the art safety communication protocol called Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC), currently being considered for adoption by the USDOT and automotive industry in the US. However, the principles of this book are applicable even if the underlying physical layer protocol of V2X changes in the future, e.g. V2X changes from DSRC to cellular-based connectivity. Fundamental ITS concepts include topics like global positioning system; Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle to Pedestrian (V2P), and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) communications; human-machine interface; and security and privacy. Fundamental concepts are sometimes followed by the real-life test experimental results (such as in V2P Chapter) and description of the performance metrics used to evaluate the results. This book also describes equations and math used in the development of the individual parts of the system. This book surveys current and previous publications for trending research in the ITS domain. It also covers state of the art standards that are in place for the DSRC in the US, starting from the application layer defined in SAE J2735 all the way to physical layer defined in IEEE 802.11. The authors provide a detailed discussion on what is needed to extend the current standards to accommodate future needs of the vehicle communications, such as needs for future autonomous vehicles. Programs and code examples accompany appropriate chapters, for example, after describing remote vehicle target classification function a pseudo code and description is provided. In addition, the book discusses current topics of the technology such as spectrum sharing, simulation, security, and privacy. The intended audience for this book includes engineering graduate students, automotive professionals/engineers, researchers and technology enthusiasts.





Book Description







Public Roads


Book Description







Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)


Book Description

This book presents collective works published in the recent Special Issue (SI) entitled " Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)". These works address problems of mobility, environmental pollution, and road safety, as well as their related applications. The presented problems are complex and involve a large number of research areas and many advanced technologies, such as communication, sensing, and control, which are used for managing a large amount of information. The applications vary and include fleet management, driving behavior, traffic control, trajectory planning, connected vehicles, and energy consumption efficiency. Recent advances in communication technologies are becoming fundamental for the development of new advances in fleet management, traffic control, and connected vehicles. This works collected in this Special Issue propose solution methodologies to address such challenges, analyze the proposed methodologies, and evaluate their performance. This book brings together a collection of multidisciplinary works applied to ITS applications in a coherent manner.




Smart Mobility


Book Description

Comprehensive learning resource providing a framework for successful application of advanced transportation technologies in urban areas Smart Mobility: Using Technology to Improve Transportation in Smart Cities addresses the nature and characteristics of smart cities, providing a focus on smart mobility within urban areas and the opportunities and challenges associated with the application of advanced transportation technologies. The three highly qualified authors include an emphasis on decarbonization possibilities and the potential for smart mobility to reduce emissions and fuel consumption while optimizing modal use, along with risk identification and management using a structured approach. A focus is also placed on the need for end-to-end travel support from origin to ultimate destination, reflecting consumer needs for comprehensive decision support and travel support services. Overall, Smart Mobility provides a framework, planning, and KPIs for smart mobility success and explains how effective performance management can be enabled. Additional topics covered in this modern and thought-provoking work include: Policies and strategies associated with smart mobility, including a description of the organizational arrangements required to support smart mobility technologies The definition of appropriate institutional, funding, and commercial arrangements to assist interested practitioners to solve what is often their biggest challenge Coverage of smart mobility operational management, explaining the likely impact of smart mobility on transportation operations How to attain balance between transportation objectives and the avoidance of undesirable side effects such as congestion For public and private sector professionals in the smart mobility community, Smart Mobility is an essential and easy-to-understand learning resource that will help readers comprehend the state-of-the-art progress in the field and be prepared for future advancements in this important and rapidly-developing industry.




286 Brief Business Reports for Electronics & Electrical


Book Description

LED Light Manufacturing 1. Market Overview: The global LED light manufacturing industry has witnessed significant growth in recent years, driven by increasing awareness of energy efficiency, government regulations promoting sustainable lighting solutions, and advancements in LED technology. LED (Light Emitting Diode) lighting has gained popularity worldwide due to its energy-saving capabilities, longer lifespan, and environmental benefits. As of 2021, the global LED lighting market was valued at approximately $80 billion, and it is expected to continue its growth trajectory. 2. Market Segmentation: a. Product Type: The LED lighting market can be segmented into various product types, including: LED Bulbs: Residential and commercial lighting solutions. LED Tubes: Commonly used in industrial and commercial spaces. LED Panels: Used in offices and homes for uniform lighting. LED Strips: Decorative and accent lighting. LED Fixtures: Customized lighting solutions for various applications. b. End-Use Applications: The LED lighting market caters to a wide range of applications, such as: Residential: Home lighting solutions. Commercial: Office spaces, retail stores, and hotels. Industrial: Factories, warehouses, and manufacturing plants. Street Lighting: Public spaces and roads. Automotive: Vehicle lighting systems. 3. Regional Analysis: The LED lighting market is truly global, with key regional markets including: Asia-Pacific: Dominated by China and India, this region is the largest producer and consumer of LED lighting products. North America: The United States and Canada have seen significant adoption of LED lighting in recent years, driven by energy-saving initiatives. Europe: Several countries in Europe have stringent energy efficiency regulations, leading to a substantial LED lighting market. Latin America: Growing awareness of energy conservation is driving LED adoption in this region. Middle East and Africa: The market is growing as governments encourage LED adoption for sustainable development. 4. Market Drivers: Several factors are propelling the growth of the LED lighting market: Energy Efficiency: LED lights consume significantly less energy compared to traditional lighting technologies, reducing electricity bills and carbon emissions. Government Initiatives: Worldwide, governments are implementing policies and incentives to promote LED adoption as part of their energy conservation efforts. Long Lifespan: LEDs have a longer lifespan, reducing maintenance costs. Environmental Concerns: Consumers and businesses are increasingly environmentally conscious, choosing LED lighting for its low environmental impact. Technological Advancements: Ongoing research and development lead to improved LED technology, enhancing performance and cost-effectiveness. 5. Market Challenges: Despite the growth, the LED lighting industry faces some challenges: Initial Cost: The upfront cost of LED lighting products can be higher than traditional alternatives. Market Saturation: In some regions, the market is reaching saturation levels, leading to increased competition among manufacturers. Counterfeit Products: The presence of counterfeit LED products affects brand reputation and customer trust. Complex Regulations: Compliance with varying regional and international standards can be challenging for manufacturers. 6. Opportunities: The LED lighting industry offers numerous growth opportunities: Smart Lighting: Integration of IoT technology for smart lighting solutions. Urbanization: Growing urban populations will drive demand for energy-efficient lighting in cities. Retrofitting: The replacement of existing lighting systems with LEDs presents a substantial market opportunity. Emerging Markets: Untapped markets in developing countries offer potential for expansion. Future Outlook: The future of LED light manufacturing looks promising: Technological Advancements: Ongoing R&D will lead to even more efficient and cost-effective LED products. Smart Lighting: The integration of IoT will drive innovation and customization in lighting solutions. Sustainability: Environmental concerns will continue to promote LED adoption. Global Expansion: Emerging markets offer significant growth potential. Conclusion: The global LED light manufacturing industry is on a steady growth path, driven by energy efficiency, environmental consciousness, and technological advancements. As governments worldwide push for sustainability and energy conservation, LED lighting is poised to play a central role in shaping the future of the lighting industry. The key to success for manufacturers lies in continuous innovation, adapting to regional regulations, and tapping into emerging markets to stay competitive in this dynamic industry.