Mycotoxins


Book Description

This book is an outcome of the MycoGlobe conference in Accra. Most of the chapters are based on invited oral presentations made at the conference. The chapters in this book touch on issues including health, trade, ecology, epidemiology, occurrence, detection, management, awareness and policy. This book serves as a source of information on the occurrence and impact of mycotoxins on everything from trade and health to agricultural production in addition to suggesting opportunities for their management in Africa and elsewhere by researchers, policy makers and development investors.




Clinical Neurotoxicology E-Book


Book Description

Clinical Neurotoxicology offers accurate, relevant, and comprehensive coverage of a field that has grown tremendously in the last 20 years. You’ll get a current symptomatic approach to treating disorders caused by neurotoxic agents, environmental factors—such as heavy metals and pesticides—and more. Apply discussions of cellular and molecular processes and pathology to clinical neurology. Leading authorities and up-and-coming clinical neurotoxicologists present their expertise on wide-ranging, global subjects and debate controversies in the specialty, including Gulf War Syndrome. Provides a complete listing of neurotoxic agents—from manufactured to environmental—so you get comprehensive, clinical coverage. Covers how toxins manifest themselves according to age and co-morbidity so that you can address the needs of all your patients. Offers broad and in-depth coverage of toxins from all over the world through contributions by leading authorities and up-and-coming clinical neurotoxicologists. Features discussion of controversial and unusual topics such as Gulf War Syndrome, Parkinson’s Disease, motor neuron disease, as well as other issues that are still in question.




Fusarium Mycotoxins


Book Description

Also included is a thorough review of the molecular genetics of both trichothecene and fumonisin biosynthesis, presenting more than 15 years of molecular biological research in an accessible form. Part one then reviews the natural occurrence and toxicity of agriculturally important mycotoxins, with historical case studies of suspected mycotoxicoses in humans and animals. These chapters also contain updates on the molecular genetics of additional mycotoxins and the importance of mycotoxins in plant diseases. This useful reference presents concise descriptions of mycotoxin-producing Fusarium species, as defined by the most recent concepts of fungal species biology and evolution. Each species' report includes a risk assessment based on its mycotoxin profile, occurrence in food and feed crops, and association with human and animal mycotoxicoses. Data on species distribution, mycotoxin profiles, and animal toxicity facilitate risk assessment for food and feed safety.




Trichothecene Mycotoxicosis Pathophysiologic Effects (1989)


Book Description

There are instances of unresolved differences of opinion , as in the case of underlying biochemical mechanisms of action. It has been particularly challenging to interpret the diversity of effects induced by several trichothecenes when studied in various cells, tissues, and concentrations, and at dissimilar intervals. In the hope of shortening the time needed to overcome these difficulties, the authors have sought to discuss a range of observations delineating both areas of agreement and aspects remaining to be clarified. The final chapter of the volumes is comprised of an effort to integrate the various observations detailed throughout the book. With the continued efforts of not only the many dedicated scientists who served as contributors to these volumes, but from the many other authors cited herein and those to follow, out understanding of these interesting compounds will continue to expand. We have already learned enough to greatly reduce the adverse effects of the trichothecene mycotoxins on humans and other animals.




Mycotoxins in Food, Feed and Bioweapons


Book Description

Mycotoxins are made by different biosynthetic pathways, and they have an extremely wide range of pharmacological effects. This book will update readers on several cutting-edge aspects of mycotoxin research, including topics such as: new analytical methods for detection; the adoption of an ancient Mexican process for detoxification of aflatoxins; mycotoxin management in Ireland, Lithuania and South America; mycotoxin reduction through plant breeding and integrated management practices; and natural aflatoxin inhibitors from medicinal plants. Further contributions examine ochratoxins, selected trichothecenes, zearalenone, and aflatoxin-like gene clusters, as well as sclerotial development in Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Of particular interest are the chapters on the potential use of mycotoxins as bioweapons. This book will stimulate new thinking on the need to develop therapeutic as well as preventative interventions to reduce the toxicological threat of mycotoxins.




Handbook of Secondary Fungal Metabolites


Book Description

This three-volume set is a desirable reference for a wide range of specialists who study secondary fungal metabolites ranging from pharmaceutical house researchers, agricultural researchers, those involved in food and feed control regulation, and veterinary researchers. It discusses in depth the molecular formula of, the molecular weights of, and fungal/plant source indexes of secondary fungal metabolites.




Mycotoxins and Food Safety


Book Description

Mycotoxins, from the Greek "mukes" referring to fungi or slime molds and toxin from the Latin "toxicum" referencing a poison for arrows, have earned their reputation for being potentially deleterious to the health and well being of a consuming organism, whether it be animal or human. Unfortunately, mycotoxins are a ubiquitous factor in the natural life cycle of food producing plants. As such, control of the potential impact of mycotoxins on food safety relies heavily upon accurate analysis and surveys followed by commodity segregation and restricted use or decontamination through processing. The purpose of this book is to provide the most comprehensive and current information on the topic of mycotoxins and assuring food safety. Chapters represented in the book reflect such diverse topics ranging from occurrence and impact, analysis, reduction through processing and plant breeding, toxicology and safety assessments to regulatory perspectives. Authors represent a range of international perspectives.




Damp Indoor Spaces and Health


Book Description

Almost all homes, apartments, and commercial buildings will experience leaks, flooding, or other forms of excessive indoor dampness at some point. Not only is excessive dampness a health problem by itself, it also contributes to several other potentially problematic types of situations. Molds and other microbial agents favor damp indoor environments, and excess moisture may initiate the release of chemical emissions from damaged building materials and furnishings. This new book from the Institute of Medicine examines the health impact of exposures resulting from damp indoor environments and offers recommendations for public health interventions. Damp Indoor Spaces and Health covers a broad range of topics. The book not only examines the relationship between damp or moldy indoor environments and adverse health outcomes but also discusses how and where buildings get wet, how dampness influences microbial growth and chemical emissions, ways to prevent and remediate dampness, and elements of a public health response to the issues. A comprehensive literature review finds sufficient evidence of an association between damp indoor environments and some upper respiratory tract symptoms, coughing, wheezing, and asthma symptoms in sensitized persons. This important book will be of interest to a wide-ranging audience of science, health, engineering, and building professionals, government officials, and members of the public.




Chemical Food Safety


Book Description

Preventing contamination with problematic chemical compounds in food, from 'plant to plate and meat to meal', begins with an understanding of the food production and processing chain as well as relevant issues in toxicology and risk management. The diversity in origin and structure of unwanted chemical substances means that combating chemical contaminants in food needs a good understanding of science in a number of disciplines as well as the regulatory processes designed to minimise risks to a world population increasingly exposed through international trade. This book covers the basic and applied science needed to understand, analyse and take professional action on problems and questions concerning chemical food safety, from acute to long lasting problems that call for interventions on a local, regional, national or international level. Risk assessment is explained in the context of targeted future risk management and risk communication. The book follows problematic chemical compounds through production and processing of foods of plant, fungal, algal or animal origin, including oral exposure and intestinal absorption of such contaminants. The aim is to reach a harmonized level of understanding of all aspects of chemical food safety, so as to make the graduated student ready for work in all sectors related to food and its production.




Nanomycotoxicology


Book Description

Nanomycotoxicology: Treating Mycotoxins in Nanoway discusses the role of nanotechnology in the detection, toxicity and management of different types of mycotoxins. Sections cover the topic of nanomycotoxicology, the application of nanotechnology for quicker, more cost-effective and precise diagnostic procedures of mycotoxins and toxicogenic fungi, and the application of nanotechnology for the management of mycotoxigenic fungi. New topics, such as the application of nanotechnology in disease management, disease forecasting, and disease resistance, mycotoxin detection, and nanodiagnostic and molecular techniques are also presented. With chapter contributions from an international group of experts, this book presents an interdisciplinary reference for scientists and researchers working in mycotoxicology, nanotechnology, mycology, plant science, and food safety. In addition, it will be a useful tool for industrial scientists investigating technologies to update their nanotoxicology and nanosafety knowledge. - Discusses the role of nanotechnology in mycotoxicology - Explores the application of nanomaterials for detection of mycotoxins - Covers the role of nanotechnology in the management of mycotoxins and mycotoxigenic fungi