Book Description

U.S. technology transfer controls suffer criticism from many corners, even from within the U.S. Government itself. This problem has serious consequences for the security and economic well-being of the nation. Opponents critique the technology controls administration process and question its need. These are valid issues, but perhaps not as pertinent as whether U.S. technology controls prevent U.S. companies from competing successfully in international markets. Also, do these controls prevent the research community from achieving the vigorous exchange of technical information necessary to maintain a competitive position for the nation in key technology areas? This paper examines the specific case of controls to prevent the transfer of product information, processes, and know-how to the Soviet Union based on national security interests, but with an important secondary goal: to minimize the impact of these controls on U.S. technological competitiveness. To demonstrate the need for a new, strategic approach to technology controls, the paper begins with a short history, followed by an analysis of major changes in the underpinnings of today's technology export control regime. The comprehensive strategy outlined here provides a credible response to the environmental changes in the United States, Soviet Union, and their relations; satisfies U.S. strategic interests; and addresses other issues involved in the current debate over technology export controls. Since national interests remain relatively stable, its primary objective -- to maintain the West's technology lead over the Soviet Union -- is consistent with the technology export policies in place today. However, the secondary objective, economic competitiveness, cannot be satisfied without new approaches to the problem. Although the current technology transfer regime is basically sound, simple administrative changes would spur improvements in meeting both objectives.