Under the Ivi Tree


Book Description

This study concerns the differentials of economic growth among the Fijian people. It brings together relevant factors drawn from social, cultural, economic and political analysis. As a case study in economic growth, it portrays the interplay between individuals and the social and economic conditions which surround them, and demonstrates the limitations of the institutions within which they function. Controversial points of interpretation are discussed and supported with documentation gathered from field-work. Originally published in 1964.




Sustainable Management and Conservation of Environmental Resources in India


Book Description

The concept of natural resource sustainability has taken on new importance in today’s world, and community participation in the conservation of forest resources is essential for generating innovative sustainability solutions. This new book looks at some of the important issues in sustainability and natural resource conservation, including pollution, agroforestry, forest fire detection and monitoring, sericulture-based agroforestry, soil quality preservation and restoration, and remote sensing and machine learning for improved agriculture.




Diversity and Dynamics in Forest Ecosystems


Book Description

Providing a wealth of in-depth knowledge of forest ecosystems, this new volume explores a collection of important topics on forest community dynamics. It looks at the diversity of forest ecosystems and explores such aspects as forest products in enhancing local livelihoods and community participation, forage production, forest conservation and sustainable management, regeneration patterns, seed handling, and more. Chapters in Diversity and Dynamics in Forest Ecosystems present new research on forest products, livelihood generation mechanisms of forest-dependent communities, utilization patterns of untapped resources from forests, and the structure of different ecosystems from the tropical to the temperate landscape. This book also features different drivers of community dynamics, such as the role of seed handling in forests, the influence of altitudinal variations, and protected and community-conserved forests on the forest diversity. Chapters also consider the role of non-timber forest products and their significance in livelihood diversification for tribal communities and forage crop genetic resources, and forest resource extraction by forest fringe dwellers. Also explored are aspects of soil organic carbon in agroforestry systems and integrated approaches of sustainable agroforestry development in diverse forest ecosystems. This edition also examines the vegetation structure and regeneration aspects of timberline zone, including diversity of herbaceous flora along the altitudinal gradient. The abundance of in-depth knowledge of the diversity and dynamics of forest ecosystems in this volume will be valuable in conservation and management of forests, which play an important role in the world environment. Forests are presently facing multiple disturbances, and this volume will help forestry professionals and others formulate further strategies to mitigate global climate change and other challenges.







Bumps on a Long Road


Book Description

Cyril Belshaw's career began as a colonial officer in the South Pacific where he later did fieldwork with his family. He describes the arcne world of academia and recounts his work for United Nations and other international organisatiions. He travels widely in countries such as the Soviet Union, Thailand, Israel and Cambodia and in Africa. His long concluding chapter, before he moves on to Volume II celebrates the food and country of France.







Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) in Bangladesh


Book Description

The book is immensely beneficial to the readers to have a clear understanding of various CBFM practices prevailing in Bangladesh.Providing a comprehensive and critical analysis of success stories concerning several CBFM practices in different forest areas of Bangladesh, together with their respective strengths and weaknesses, it identifies sharing authority to take decision by the community as one of the main weaknesses. The other main weakness is the lack of beat level authority to coordinate with community for making the process vibrant. The book determines that it is the community patrol group which is most effective under the co-management system, yet the general body and executive committee of the co-management system are composed of different stakeholders, each of which is subject to their own work pressures, and are not as effective as claimed. There is a need to empower communities living in and around forests, and to create ownership of the forests so that they can feel that the forests around them are by the community and for the community.







Degei’s Descendants


Book Description

Dr Parke’s monograph examines how Fijians, especially in western areas of Fiji, currently understand and explain the origins and development of the social and political divisions of late pre-colonial traditional Fijian society. It assesses the reasoning, consistency and, where possible, the historical accuracy of such understandings. The oral history research which forms the backbone of the study was conducted in either standard Fijian or one or other of the western Fijian dialects with which Dr Parke was familiar. The period on which the monograph concentrates is the two centuries or so immediately prior to the Deed of Cession on 10 October 1874. A number of the major chiefs of Fiji had offered to cede Fiji to Queen Victoria; and after the offer had been accepted, Fiji became a British Crown Colony on that day. The volume will be of interest to all archaeologists, anthropologists and historians with an interest in Fiji. It will also be of wider interest to Pacific Studies scholars and those of British colonial history as well as historians with a wider interest in indigenous traditional histories and their role in governance today.




Phytodiversity and Soil Study of Siwalik Hills of Ilam, Nepal


Book Description

Study of different kinds of plants, soil and climate and the quantitative analysis of vegetation structure and composition at the three VDCs of Siwalik hills of Ilam was undertaken. A total of 137 flowering plants and 9 pteridophytes belonging to 27 families of trees, 31 families of shrubs, 27 families of herbs and 7 families of ferns are reported. The tree diversity value was highest (2.235) from matured forests of Danabari (Sector II) and the least (2.021) from the regenerating forest of Chulachuli (Sector II). However, the species evenness was highest in sector III for shrub (0.183) and herb (0.128). The tree trunk volume was maximum (413623.13 m2ha-1) in case of matured forest at Danabari (Sector II). Shorea robusta, Terminalia alata and Semecarpus anacardium were the most dominant species in the entire study area. Sector I had the highest shrub and herb density of 1600 pl. ha-1 for Desmodium confertum and 4285.7 pl. ha-1 for Ageratum hustonianum respectively. Sector II has northern aspect and due to more precipitation record has rendered the land remain wet. The tree species of Semecarpus anacardium, Schima wallichi, some species of orchids along with various leguminous plants were recorded. The south facing sectors I and II were drier with more records of degraded land. The similarity index of tree species found in sectors I and II was recorded high (36.36). Soil present in sector III was found to be more acidic (pH 5.6). Organic matter and nitrogen content was higher in sectors II than that of sector I and III. Highest percolation capacity was found in the soil of sector I. Organic matter was positively correlated with nitrogen at the 0.05 level. As a whole, the vegetation was much more encouraging ecologically than expected from a distant observation.