Uso de aisladores sísmicos en edificios en chile


Book Description

La filosofía de diseño estructural imperante en la actualidad se basa en proporcionar a los edificios la rigidez suficiente para resistir los esfuerzos derivados de los terremotos. Si bien se han obtenido buenos resultados en los comportamientos de los edificios, durante la última década el concepto de aislación sísmica ha comenzado a ser considerado seriamente como una alternativa en el diseño sismorresistente de estructuras, especialmente en aquellos casos en que se busca un mejor desempeño sísmico para las estructuras y sus contenidos. En el presente estudio se pretende otorgar una visión general del comportamiento de las estructuras sísmicamente aisladas y su real aplicación en edificios. Para ello se consideró un pórtico simple sometido a diversos sismos en situación no aislada y se comparó con el comportamiento del mismo en condiciones de aislamiento sísmico, evaluando cómo las propiedades del aislador y de la estructura interactúan entre sí. Durante el proceso también se estudia la influencia que los parámetros de respuesta de la estructura, definidas por corte basal, aceleración absoluta en el piso superior y desplazamiento relativo de la base con respecto al terreno, influyen en la elección de las características que debe poseer el aislador. Finalmente se consideró una estructura real que sufrió importantes daños durante el terremoto de Maule en Chile en 2010 y cómo el empleo de aisladores sísmicos hubiese modificado la respuesta de éste, evaluando no sólo el comportamiento global, sino también a nivel de las tensiones registradas en los elementos. Asimismo, se analizó la concordancia existente entre el modelado del edificio mediante programas de uso comercial y los daños reales producidos en el edificio. Los resultados finales indican que la estructura aislada presenta una fuerte mejora de la respuesta estructural al utilizar aisladores sísmicos del tipo RNC, en concordancia con la teoría formulada para este tipo de dispositivos. De igual forma, se concluye que el uso de software comercial de análisis de estructuras proporciona una adecuada herramienta para prever el comportamiento esperado, toda vez que existe una correlación entre los resultados arrojados por el programa y lo constatado en terreno.




Principles of Disaster Mitigation in Health Facilities


Book Description

This book focuses on problems encountered in areas of high risk for seismic events. It introduces the essential aspects of carrying out vulnerability assessments and applying practical measures to mitigate damage in hospitals addressing structural and nonstructural aspects as well as administrative and internal organization. In a period of only 15 years between 1981 and 1996 93 hospitals and 538 health care centers in Latin America and the Caribbean were damaged as a consequence of natural disasters. The direct cost of these disasters has been enormous; just as devastating has been the social impact of the loss of these critical facilities at a time when they were most needed. For these reasons special consideration must be given to disaster planning for these facilities. Assessing and reducing their vulnerability to natural hazards is indispensable. Principles of Disaster Mitigation in Health Facilities is an updated compilation of various documents on the topic already published by PAHO/WHO. Sections of previous publications have been revised to address the needs of professionals from a variety of disciplines particularly those involved in health facility planning operation and maintenance. Figures and photographs illustrate situations that can increase disaster vulnerability in health facilities. Examples are given of how countries in Latin America have conducted vulnerability assessments and applied specific disaster mitigation measures in their hospitals and health centers.







Earthquake Engineering


Book Description

This multi-contributor book provides comprehensive coverage of earthquake engineering problems, an overview of traditional methods, and the scientific background on recent developments. It discusses computer methods on structural analysis and provides access to the recent design methodologies and serves as a reference for both professionals and res







Mechanics of Rubber Bearings for Seismic and Vibration Isolation


Book Description

Widely used in civil, mechanical and automotive engineering since the early 1980s, multilayer rubber bearings have been used as seismic isolation devices for buildings in highly seismic areas in many countries. Their appeal in these applications comes from their ability to provide a component with high stiffness in one direction with high flexibility in one or more orthogonal directions. This combination of vertical stiffness with horizontal flexibility, achieved by reinforcing the rubber by thin steel shims perpendicular to the vertical load, enables them to be used as seismic and vibration isolators for machinery, buildings and bridges. Mechanics of Rubber Bearings for Seismic and Vibration Isolation collates the most important information on the mechanics of multilayer rubber bearings. It explores a unique and comprehensive combination of relevant topics, covering all prerequisite fundamental theory and providing a number of closed-form solutions to various boundary value problems as well as a comprehensive historical overview on the use of isolation. Many of the results presented in the book are new and are essential for a proper understanding of the behavior of these bearings and for the design and analysis of vibration or seismic isolation systems. The advantages afforded by adopting these natural rubber systems is clearly explained to designers and users of this technology, bringing into focus the design and specification of bearings for buildings, bridges and industrial structures. This comprehensive book: includes state of the art, as yet unpublished research along with all required fundamental concepts; is authored by world-leading experts with over 40 years of combined experience on seismic isolation and the behavior of multilayer rubber bearings; is accompanied by a website at www.wiley.com/go/kelly The concise approach of Mechanics of Rubber Bearings for Seismic and Vibration Isolation forms an invaluable resource for graduate students and researchers/practitioners in structural and mechanical engineering departments, in particular those working in seismic and vibration isolation.




Design of Seismic Isolated Structures


Book Description

Um die Auswirkungen von Erdbeben auf Gebäude, Brücken und andere empfindliche Konstruktionen zu mildern, wurden im Laufe der Jahre zahlreiche Technologien entwickelt. Eine der neueren hiervon ist die seismische Isolation: Sie beinhaltet den Einbau von Mechanismen, die das Gebäude von den Bewegungen des Untergrunds entkoppeln. Der Erfolg dieser Technik übertrifft den aller vorher bekannten Verfahren - ein Grund für Ingenieure und Architekten, sich genauer zu informieren. Dazu sei dieses Buch empfohlen. (04/99)




Response Control and Seismic Isolation of Buildings


Book Description

This state of the art report from an international task group (TG44) of CIB, the International Council of Building Research Organizations, presents a highly authoritative guide to the application of innovative technologies on response control and seismic isolation of buildings to practice worldwide. Many countries and cities are located in earthquake-prone areas making effective seismic design a major issue in structural engineering. Reassuringly, structural response control and seismic isolation have advanced remarkably in recent years following numerous studies internationally. Several major conferences have been held and reports have been written but little has been issued on the application of the technologies to good structural engineering practice. Plugging that gap, Response Control and Seismic Isolation of Buildings presents researchers in structural engineering (dynamics) and construction management with up-to-date applications of the latest technologies.




Structural Studies, Repairs, and Maintenance of Historical Buildings


Book Description

Comprising the proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Structural Repair and Maintenance of Historical Buildings held in San Sebastian, Spain in June 1997, the 64 contributions cover a fascinating array of topics divided into the following sections: history and architecture; monitoring and testing; computer simulation; deterioration an.




Blood Mercy


Book Description

What would you do if the one you loved was turned into a monster? Melrose Durante brings order. As founder of the Houses of the Dead, he tirelessly opposes the vampires, and provides refuge for the Blood Kind, those like himself who fight against the blood curse that leads to vampirism. His medical breakthroughs have brought many back from the vampire path. After thousands of years, the Blood Kind finally has the upper hand. Until a vampire attacks Melrose's family, then begs for asylum. To his friends she's Lucy, a disturbed young woman prone to incoherent rants, warning of an imminent attack by vampire leader, Conan. But to Melrose she's something more. His lost wife, Jane. One thing is clear - time is running out. In five days Conan will attack Quebec City, killing or enslaving all in his way. If Melrose cannot unlock his wife's tormented mind, even his immortal wisdom may not be enough to save Quebec City, the Blood Kind, and the Houses of the Dead.