Ventilation Tests of an Identified Basement Shelter in Houston, Texas


Book Description

Tests were conducted in Houston, Texas during October, 1962 in a partly below-grade shelter area to determine the minimum ventilation rates required to sustain life during long periods of occupancy in community size fallout shelters. High earth temperatures and weather equivalent to that in summer provided external conditions resulting in the maximum ventilation requirements for this location. Aggregate simulated occupants duplicated the effect of the metabolic heat loads of 140 to 400 humans. Test results indicated that, with average August weather prevailing, at least 13 cfm per occupant of ventilation capacity was required to sustain life if no system for cooling the shelter air was provided.







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Ventilation Test of a 500-man Basement Fallout Shelter in Providence, Rhode Island


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Of the total energy input to the shelter, approximately 23% (53.0 MBTU per hr) was lost through shelter boundary surfaces. This heat loss represents a substantial reduction from the required adiabatic ventilation rate (12.1 cfm compared to 8.5 cfm for 82DGF ET). However, on a summer design day actual shelter transmission loss would be less than the above stated value, and the required ventilation rate would be nearer the adiabatic rate.




Summer Ventilation Test of 200-occupant Basement Shelter in Milwaukee, Wisconsin


Book Description

Forced and natural ventilation tests performed on a partially below grade fallout shelter in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, during the month of August 1963 revealed that 6.1 cubic feet per minute per occupant of ambient ventilating air would be necessary on a typical warm summer day (Milwaukee 5% Summer Design) to maintain this shelter at a survivable 85 deg.F. effective temperature. The shelter as tested (during cool summer weather) required 4.7 cfm per occupant; this result was analytically corrected to obtain the warm summer day ventilation requirement. Similar forced ventilation tests were performed using typical hot, moderately humid air as would be expected in the south central part of the country. When corrected to these design conditions, a ventilation rate of 13.1 cfm per occupant would be needed to maintain 85 deg. F. effective temperature in the shelter.




ASHRAE Journal


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Natural Ventilation Test of a Basement Fallout Shelter in East Chicago, Indiana


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The punkah proved to be an effective air moving device when it was placed so that it complemented the effect of any thermal force that was present. The Package Ventilation Kit also proved to be an effective means for moving air through a shelter that had no windows and utilized existing doorways as ventilation openings. During the natural ventilation test the effective temperature of the ambient air and shelter air never went above 85DGF ET. Usually the average shelter ET was about 5DGF above the average ambient ET for the same period. The ventilation rate ranged from 10 cfm/person to 26.5 cfm/person indicating that natural ventilation may be adequate for most aboveground fallout shelters with windows.