Weighing Reasons


Book Description

In recent decades normative reasons-considerations that count in favor of one thing or another-have come to the theoretical fore in ethics and epistemology. A major attraction of normative reasons is that they have weight or strength. Reasons are particular considerations that count in favor of actions or attitudes to some degree. This feature is attractive to theorists who want to explain more complex normative phenomena in terms of a notion that is weighted. This volume aims to provide the beginnings for a theory of weight. The fourteen new essays fall into three groups. One set of essays addresses questions about the nature of weight. Topics include the relations between reasons and conditions and modifiers, between reasons and other weighted notions such as commitments, and different models of the interaction of reasons. A second set of essays addresses substantive questions: questions about weight relevant to value-first, desire-first, evidence-first and other normative research programs. A third set of essays applies issues in the theory of weight to broader ethical debates. The book thus not only makes novel contributions to debates in ethics and epistemology about the nature of normative reasons and their weight, it also makes a strong case for the theoretical fruitfulness of the ideology of normative reasons.




Weighing Reasons


Book Description

Normative reasons have become a popular theoretical tool in recent decades. One helpful feature of normative reasons is their weight. The fourteen new essays in this book theorize about many different aspects of weight. Topics range from foundational issues to applications of weight in debates across philosophy.




Natural Law and the Nature of Law


Book Description

Presents a systematic, contemporary defence of the natural law outlook in ethics, politics and jurisprudence.




Reasons for Belief


Book Description

Philosophers have long been concerned about what we know and how we know it. Increasingly, however, a related question has gained prominence in philosophical discussion: what should we believe and why? This volume brings together twelve new essays that address different aspects of this question. The essays examine foundational questions about reasons for belief, and use new research on reasons for belief to address traditional epistemological concerns such as knowledge, justification and perceptually acquired beliefs. This book will be of interest to philosophers working on epistemology, theoretical reason, rationality, perception and ethics. It will also be of interest to cognitive scientists and psychologists who wish to gain deeper insight into normative questions about belief and knowledge.




Normativity


Book Description

What should I do? What should I think? Traditionally, ethicists tackle the first question, while epistemologists tackle the second. This volume is innovative in drawing together issues from epistemology and ethics and in exploring neglected connections between epistemic and practical normativity.




Change Your Weighs


Book Description

You’re probably picking up this book because you’ve tried or thought of trying countless plans to lose weight and get in shape. It’s NOT your fault! It seems like every month there is a buzz about "this new fitness trend" or "that new diet." Think about how many times in the past 20 years you’ve heard about a new diet or exercise plan: It’s impossible to count! If these gimmicks actually worked there would be no reason to have to switch to the next trendy new plan. Aren't you tired of it? These quick-fix programs are a distraction from what you really need to learn in order to take back control of your body. Fad diets come and go, but after two decades of working as a trainer, the principles I teach on how to get in the best shape of your life have stood the test of time. This book contains 199 unique tips that you can apply today—no waiting around for your own personal transformation to start! By following even just a handful of these simple suggestions you can improve your health and finally lose weight for good. You can achieve these results without hunger, without feeling deprived, without having to work out for hours each day and without waving bye-bye to your social life. I teach you how to find the right “weigh” for you. I tackle the beast from a number angles including: --How Friends Can Affect Your Weight (this tip alone can be worth at least 20 lbs!) --Which Supplements are Actually Worth the Money (watch your weight drop while your bank account rises) --How Much Strength Training is Really Necessary for Toning (get more results by doing less!) --How Much Cardio Is Overkill and What to Do Instead (Little-known metabolism hacks revealed.) But beyond the physical, this book will help with the emotional piece too! No more food obsession. No more wondering what you’re “allowed” to eat. These 199 proven tactics will invigorate your motivation day after day. And the best part is...You can do it all with your own food and with simple workouts that can be done almost anywhere. If you too are sick of jumping from one 30-Day program to the next only to gain all the weight back and then some more for good measure, this book will be your final weight loss destination. It’s time to change your life. Your journey to putting all your fitness struggle baggage in the rearview mirror begins right now--if you choose to purchase this book today.




Fundamentals of Salesmanship


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Certain Success


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Reasons as Defaults


Book Description

In this volume, John Horty brings to bear his work in logic to present a framework that allows for answers to key questions about reasons and reasoning, namely: What are reasons, and how do they support actions or conclusions?