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Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Risk Factors Among Hispanic/Latino Immigrant Farmworkers in the United States

Author : Naiha Ashraf

Publisher :

Page : pages

File Size : 34,12 MB

Release : 2021

Category :

ISBN :

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Book Description

The Hispanic/Latino immigrant farmworker population experiences a disproportionate prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the United States. Despite this, a scoping review on CVD health among Hispanic/Latino immigrant farmworkers has not been completed to date. Therefore, this thesis provides a scoping review to understand the correlates of CVD risk factors among Hispanic/Latino immigrant farmworkers. A search of the literature was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI), PsycInfo, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria were 1) participants had to be currently engaged in farmwork at the time of the study, 2) participants self-identify as Hispanic/Latino including Puerto Ricans and Dominicans, 3) participants were at least 18 years old, 4) papers could be qualitative or quantitative, and 5) papers must have been published between 2000-2020. Fourteen articles met the inclusion criteria for the scoping review. Overall, farmworkers exhibited an elevated risk for CVD-related health issues such as obesity, overweight, diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. Among these, obesity was significantly more prevalent among women than men; hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were significantly more prevalent among men than women. Increasing age, lack of healthcare insurance, and years of living in the U.S./high acculturation levels were associated with a greater likelihood for having certain CVD risk factors. Intervention programs tailored towards specific CVD risk factors improved health outcomes for farmworkers. Future research should focus on assessing structural, social, and behavioral characteristics influencing the prevalence of CVD risk factors and on developing and examining additional intervention programs.







Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Latinos

Author :

Publisher :

Page : 103 pages

File Size : 16,93 MB

Release : 2015

Category :

ISBN : 9781321895797

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Background : This dissertation addressed the following aims: (1) examined the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and associations among carbohydrate intake and sedentary time with triglyceride concentration; (2) examined the internal consistency and construct validity of the Neighborhood Social Cohesion Scale and Neighborhood Problems Scale; and (3) examined associations of the use of four social capital indicators (Intrapersonal Support Evaluation List-12 (ISEL-12), Social Network Index (SNI), Neighborhood Social Cohesion Scale, and Neighborhood Problems Scale) within cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and prevalence. Methods : For Aim 1, a secondary data analysis from the Hispanic Community Health Survey/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) was performed (N = 10,946). For Aims 2 and 3, a secondary data analysis from the HCHS/SOL Sociocultural Ancillary Study (SCAS) was performed (N = 5,172). Results : Hypertriglyceridemia prevalence ranged from 2.04%-14.81% in men and 1.24% to 11.65% in women. Predicted carbohydrate consumption and Body Mass Index (BMI) were positively associated with triglyceride concentrations. The odds of having hypertriglyceridemia were greater for participants who were obese (odds ratio [OR; 95% confidence interval], [4.25; 3.44-5.24]) or overweight [2.79; 2.27-3.43]. The Neighborhood Social Cohesion Scale and the Neighborhood Problems Scale had acceptable internal consistency for the entire sample, language groups, and Latino heritage groups ([alpha] ≥0.60), and satisfactory fit of the one-factor model. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors and perceived and chronic stress, SNI scores were related to a lower prevalence of CHD [0.87; 0.78-0.98], ISEL-12 scores were related to a higher prevalence of CHD [1.03; 1.00-1.05], all four social capital indicators were related to diabetes (ISEL-12: [0.98;0.96-1.00]; SNI: [0.92; 0.86-0.99]; Neighborhood Social Cohesion: [1.06; 1.02-1.10]; Neighborhood Problems: [1.04; 1.01-1.07]), SNI scores were related to a lower odds of hypertension [0.92; 0.87-0.98] and smoking [0.87; 0.80-0.93], and Neighborhood Problems was related to a higher odds of smoking [1.04; 1.01-1.07]. Conclusions : Based upon the current analyses, reduction of hypertriglyceridemia in Latinos is necessary to help decrease the risk of poor cardiovascular health, the Neighborhood Social Cohesion Scale and the Neighborhood. Problems Scale are acceptable to use within a Latino sample, and future research to confirm the effects of social capital on cardiovascular health may help reduce health disparities among Latinos.



Hispanics and the Future of America

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 502 pages

File Size : 28,22 MB

Release : 2006-02-23

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 0309164818

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Book Description

Hispanics and the Future of America presents details of the complex story of a population that varies in many dimensions, including national origin, immigration status, and generation. The papers in this volume draw on a wide variety of data sources to describe the contours of this population, from the perspectives of history, demography, geography, education, family, employment, economic well-being, health, and political engagement. They provide a rich source of information for researchers, policy makers, and others who want to better understand the fast-growing and diverse population that we call "Hispanic." The current period is a critical one for getting a better understanding of how Hispanics are being shaped by the U.S. experience. This will, in turn, affect the United States and the contours of the Hispanic future remain uncertain. The uncertainties include such issues as whether Hispanics, especially immigrants, improve their educational attainment and fluency in English and thereby improve their economic position; whether growing numbers of foreign-born Hispanics become citizens and achieve empowerment at the ballot box and through elected office; whether impending health problems are successfully averted; and whether Hispanics' geographic dispersal accelerates their spatial and social integration. The papers in this volume provide invaluable information to explore these issues.





Communities in Action

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 583 pages

File Size : 48,71 MB

Release : 2017-04-27

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309452961

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Book Description

In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.



Mexican-American Cuisine

Author : Ilan Stavans

Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Page : 197 pages

File Size : 36,98 MB

Release : 2011-09-22

Category : Cooking

ISBN :

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Book Description

Providing food for the brain as well as the body, this wonderful collection of essays explores the boundaries between Mexican and Mexican-American foods, promotes philosophical understandings of Mexican-American cuisine, and shares recipes from both past and present. Defining Mexican-American food is difficult due to its incredibly diverse roots and traditions. This unique style of cuisine varies significantly from Mexican and Latin American cuisines, fusing Native American and Hispanic influences stemming from three centuries of first Spanish and later Mexican rule. In Mexican-American Cuisine, renowned authority in Latino culture Ilan Stavans and 10 other experts in southwestern cuisine explore the food itself and associated traditions. The book presents nine scholarly essays that examine philosophical understandings of Mexican-American cuisine. Covering both platillos principales (main dishes) and postres (desserts), the authors serve up a sideboard of anthropological, ethnographic, sociological, and culinary observations. Essay topics include the boundaries between Mexican and Mexican-American food, the history and uses of the chile, and the derivations of Mexican cuisine. Readers are also treated to recipes and recommendations by 19th-century California chef Encarnación Pinedo who explores "The Art of Cooking."



Encyclopedia of Mental Health

Author :

Publisher : Academic Press

Page : 1757 pages

File Size : 22,52 MB

Release : 2015-08-26

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 0123977533

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Book Description

Encyclopedia of Mental Health, Second Edition, Four Volume Set tackles the subject of mental health, arguably one of the biggest issues facing modern society. The book presents a comprehensive overview of the many genetic, neurological, social, and psychological factors that affect mental health, also describing the impact of mental health on the individual and society, and illustrating the factors that aid positive mental health. The book contains 245 peer-reviewed articles written by more than 250 expert authors and provides essential material on assessment, theories of personality, specific disorders, therapies, forensic issues, ethics, and cross-cultural and sociological aspects. Both professionals and libraries will find this timely work indispensable. Provides fully up-to-date descriptions of the neurological, social, genetic, and psychological factors that affect the individual and society Contains more than 240 articles written by domain experts in the field Written in an accessible style using terms that an educated layperson can understand Of interest to public as well as research libraries with coverage of many important topics, including marital health, divorce, couples therapy, fathers, child custody, day care and day care providers, extended families, and family therapy



Joint U.S.-Mexico Workshop on Preventing Obesity in Children and Youth of Mexican Origin

Author : Institute of Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 210 pages

File Size : 45,79 MB

Release : 2007-01-09

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309179068

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Book Description

The Joint U.S.-Mexico Workshop on Preventing Obesity in Children and Youth of Mexican Origin was initiated by a desire to share experiences regarding the problem of obesity in children and youth of Mexican origin on both sides of the border, with a particular focus on potential solutions. U.S and Mexican researchers, public health officials, industry leaders, and policy-makers engaged in valuable dialogue to share perspectives, challenges, and opportunities. Commonalities and differences in the United States and Mexico regarding risk factors, potential interventions and programs, and need for all sectors to collaborate and make progress toward solving this serious public health problem were also discussed. This dialogue served as a basis to explore a bi-national agenda for addressing this epidemic, which was the ultimate goal of the workshop.