Evaluation of the Reinstatement of the Universal Motorcycle Helmet Law in Louisiana


Book Description

Louisiana has enacted and repealed motorcycle helmet laws many times. Louisiana first adopted an all-rider motorcycle helmet law in 1968, amended it in 1976 to require helmet use only by riders under the age of 18, and reenacted a universal helmet law in 1982. In 1999, the State amended that law to require helmet use only by motorcyclists under 18 and riders over 18 who did not have a minimum of $10,000 in medical insurance coverage. In 2004, Louisiana reinstated its universal helmet law that required all motorcyclists, riders and passengers, to wear helmets all the time. This study examined rates of motorcycle helmet usage, fatalities, and injuries. Observed helmet use rose to 100 percent after reinstatement of the universal helmet law. Helmet use in motorcycle crashes during the period (1999-2003) without the helmet law was 42.3% (pre-reinstatement) and increased to 87% in 2004-2005 (post-reinstatement). Motorcycle crashes increased from 1999 to 2005 in Louisiana. Fatal crashes decreased in 2004 for the first time since the 1999 repeal, increasing slightly in 2005, but with fewer than before the law was reinstated in Louisiana. The national trend showed a steady increase in fatal motorcycle crashes during this time period. Kentucky, a comparison State, also showed steadily increasing fatal crashes. The drop in fatal motorcycle crashes in Louisiana was not replicated in a nearby State, and is therefore likely attributable to the law change Motorcycle fatalities had been accounting for a larger proportion of all motor vehicle fatalities in Louisiana doubling between 1999 and 2003 (4% to 9%), slightly decreasing for the first time in 2005 (8%). The proportion of fatal and serious injury motorcycle crashes to all motorcycle crashes (fatal crashes, serious injury, moderate injuries, complaint of injury, and property damage only) declined after the helmet law was reinstated in Louisiana.




Traffic Safety and Human Behavior


Book Description

This comprehensive 2nd edition covers the key issues that relate human behavior to traffic safety. In particular it covers the increasing roles that pedestrians and cyclists have in the traffic system; the role of infotainment in driver distraction; and the increasing role of driver assistance systems in changing the driver-vehicle interaction.













World Report on Road Traffic Injury Prevention


Book Description

Every day, thousands of people are killed and injured on roads around the world, with the costs of this growing, but largely preventable, public health concern disproportionately affecting vulnerable social groups and developing countries. In order to address these issues, the World Health Organization and the World Bank have produced this joint report on road traffic injury prevention, based on the collaborative contributions of experts and institutions, from all continents and different sectors, including transport, engineering, health, police, education and civil society. It presents a comprehensive overview of the magnitude, risk factors and impact of road traffic injuries, and about ways to prevent and lessen the impact of road crashes.




Law in Public Health Practice


Book Description

Continually changing health threats, technologies, science, and demographics require that public health professionals have an understanding of law sufficient to address complex new public health challenges as they come into being. Law in Public Health Practice, Second Edition provides a thorough review of the legal basis and authorities for the core elements of public health practice and solid discussions of existing and emerging high-priority areas where law and public health intersect.As in the previous edition, each chapter is authored jointly by experts in law and public health. This new edition features three completely new chapters, with several others thoroughly revised and updated. New chapters address such topics as the structure of law in US public health systems and practice, the role of the judiciary in public health, and law in chronic disease prevention and control. The chapter on public health emergencies has also been fully revised to take into account both the SARS epidemic of 2003 and the events of the Fall of 2001. The chapter now discusses topics such as the legal basis for declaring emergencies, the legal structure of mutual aid agreements, and the role of the military in emergencies. Other fully revised chapters include those on genomics, injury prevention, identifiable health information, and ethics in the practice of public health.The book begins with a section on the legal basis for public health practice, including foundations and structure of the law, discussions of the judiciary, ethics and practice of public health, and criminal law and international considerations. The second section focuses on core public health applications and the law, and includes chapters on legal counsel for public health practitioners, legal authorities for interventions in public health emergencies, and considerations for special populations. The third section discusses the law in controlling and preventing diseases, injuries, and disabilities. This section includes chapters on genomics, vaccinations, foodborne illness, STDs, reproductive health, chronic disease control, tobacco use, and occupational and environmental health.All chapters take a practical approach and are written in an accessible, user-friendly fashion. This is an excellent resource for a wide readership of public health practitioners, lawyers, and healthcare providers, as well as for educators and students of law and public health.