Does Foreign Ownership Matter? Russian Experience


Book Description

The purpose of the paper is two-fold. The paper compares productivity of Russian firms that received foreign direct investments, and fully domestically owned firms. It also analyses spillovers from foreign-owned firs. At the same time, there are positive spillovers between foreign-owned and domestic firms. This effect if particularly strong in the case of medium-sized firms (between 200 and 1000 employees), while spillovers on small firms are negative. The stock of human capital in the region is one of the main factors, which helps domestic firms to benefit from the entry of foreign firms.




Foreign Firms, Domestic Wages


Book Description

Foreign-owned firms are often hypothesized to generate productivity "spillovers" to the host country, but both theoretical micro-foundations and empirical evidence for this are limited. We develop a heterogeneous-firm model in which ex-ante identical workers learn from their employers in proportion to the firm's productivity. Foreign-owned firms have, on average, higher productivity in equilibrium due to entry costs, which means that low-productivity foreign firms cannot enter. Foreign firms have higher wage growth and, with some exceptions, pay higher average wages, but not when compared to similarly large domestic firms. The empirical implications of the model are tested on matched employer-employee data from Denmark. Consistent with the theory, we find considerable evidence of higher wages and wage growth in large and/or foreign-owned firms. These effects survive controlling for individual characteristics, but, as expected, are reduced significantly when controlling for unobservable firm heterogeneity. Furthermore, acquired skills in foreign-owned and large firms appear to be transferable to both subsequent wage work and self-employment.




Foreign-Owned Firms and Domestically-Owned Firms In Turkey


Book Description

This paper examines the financial ratios that distinguish foreign-owned firms that operate in Turkey from domestically-owned firms. Our sample consists of firms that are listed on the Istanbul Stock Exchange. We conduct univariate tests of equality on 43 foreign-owned firms and 141 domestically-owned firms for the years 2002 and 2007. We find that foreign-owned firms and domestically-owned firms do not differ in terms of our financial performance ratios which are operating profit margin, net profit margin and return on assets. The two group of firms also do not differ in terms of our liquidity ratios which are current ratio and net working capital ratio. Additionally, debt to equity ratio and times interest earned ratio does not help us to distinguish foreign-owned firms from domestic firms.




Wages and Foreign Ownership


Book Description

This paper explores the relationship between wages and foreign investment in Mexico, Venezuela, and the United States. Despite very different economic conditions and levels of development, we find one fact which is robust across all three countries: higher levels of foreign investment are associated with higher wages. In Mexico and Venezuela, foreign investment was associated with higher wages only for foreign-owned firms -- there is no evidence of wage spillovers leading to higher wages for domestic firms. In the United States there is evidence of wage spillovers. The lack of spillovers in Mexico and Venezuela is consistent with significant wage differentials between foreign and domestic enterprises. In the United States, wage differentials are smaller.













Foreign Ownership and the Consequences of Direct Investment in the United States


Book Description

Woodward, Nigh, and their colleagues provide a comprehensive investigation of foreign ownership in the United States. Based on the latest, most reliable data and comprising the viewpoints of leading authorities on foreign direct investment, the book offers detailed, previously unpublished information on the effects of foreign direct investment in the United States. The authors find that foreign-owned and domestic corporations are similar in many aspects of their behavior and its effects on the U.S. economy and society, but there are important differences too. By showing exactly where these similarities and differences lie, and using evidence that goes beyond anecdotes, the book makes a significant contribution to the improvement of public policy in the FDI arena. Its primary finding: globalization reduced foreigness. This is an important resource for professionals and academics alike, and for students of international business and economics on the graduate level. Covering the state of knowledge on FDI in the 1990s, this work shows how it has moved beyond the polarizing debate over the foreign invasion that characterized much of the writings in the 1980s. It explores multinational companies' political action and corporate citizenship. Its policy section discusses foreign and domestic participation in federal industrial policy programs, and whether current regulations make sense. The book also offers a new approach to demarcating foreign ownership in national security/defense industrial bases. In its policy chapters the book covers the question of national treatment and investment in telecommunications. The book concludes with a timely analysis of the Multilateral Agreement on Investment under review by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the World Trade Organization.







Assessing the Impact of Foreign Ownership on Firm Performance by Size


Book Description

Foreign direct investment (FDI) flows are frequently credited with a wide range of benefits for recipient economies. This research investigates the impact mechanics of FDI by mapping the extent to which firms are owned by foreigners against their performance. Firms in both developed and developing countries are included in the study and the performance indicators used are growth in sales, employment and labour productivity. Based on data from more than 80,000 firms during the period 2010 to 2019, this research is unique because it compares the performance of foreign-owned and domestic firms of different sizes. While the preliminary results show foreign ownership overall does give firms an edge on performance, there is no consistent evidence that this is so by firm size. However, across all developing regions, the study consistently finds that foreign ownership has a positive impact on the sales and productivity growth of micro-size firms. This calls for more research on and policy experimentation with outward-oriented and innovative start-ups.