Gene-Environment Interactions in Birth Defects and Developmental Disorders


Book Description

Gene-Environment Interactions in Development and Disease, Volume 152 of the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series Updated release includes the latest information on the Gene-Environment Interactions in Development and Disease




Gene-Environment Interactions in Developmental Psychopathology


Book Description

Bringing together foremost experts, this book reviews groundbreaking gene–environment research and explores implications for clinical practice, prevention, and public policy. Presented is cutting-edge work on the interplay of genetic factors and childhood experiences in the development of mental disorders such as depression, conduct disorder, and schizophrenia. Essential topics include what scientists currently know about "susceptibility genes"; the mechanisms by which maltreatment and other stressors interact with biological susceptibilities across development; and factors that make certain children more resilient than others. Future directions for personalizing treatment and prevention efforts, thus making them more effective, are discussed.







Gene-Environment Interactions in Birth Defects and Developmental Disorders


Book Description

Gene-Environment Interactions in Birth Defects and Developmental Disorders, Volume 152, covers the multifactorial etiology of a variety of developmental disorders, including orofacial clefts, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, autism, and others. The causes of individual cases of most common birth defects are unknown but likely involve a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental exposures. How these risk factors interact in the genesis of these conditions is still largely unknown and readers will find the latest information and ideas on these disorders, along with discussion of the challenges and opportunities for furthering knowledge in this area. - Presents latest information on gene-environment interactions in birth defects and developmental disorders - Covers multiple animal model systems and human conditions - Includes discussion of the opportunities for discovery in a challenging area of biomedical research




Embryos, Genes and Birth Defects


Book Description

The first edition of Embryos, Genes and BirthDefects, edited by the late Peter Thorogood, was a radicalnew book aimed at bridging the gap between the medical disciplinesof embryology and dysmorphology, and recent advances in cellular,molecular and developmental biology. This new edition remainsunique in its breadth and brings up to date our understanding ofbirth defects and of the strategies utilized to gain suchknowledge. It features new chapters on human cytogenetics,mutagenesis and the eyes and ears. The book presents key topics in developmental biology andexplains how they provide the foundations for understandingclinical birth defects. The first six chapters introduce conceptsand strategies adopted to elucidate developmental anomalies leadingto birth defects. The book then focuses on specific organs andreviews the cellular and molecular mechanisms affecting theirdevelopment and how disruption of these mechanisms by genetic orenvironmental factors may underlie certain birth defects. Thechapters are concise and provide up-to-date coverage of topics in aformat that is easily accessible and yet at the forefront ofresearch. Written primarily for paediatricians, obstetricians, clinicalgeneticists and allied workers, this book guides the reader throughthe contribution of modern molecular biology to our understandingof human development. Developmental and cellular biologists willlearn how errors in the cellular and genetic mechanism can lead toclassical disorders, diseases and syndromes.







The Role of Environmental Hazards in Premature Birth


Book Description

Each year in the United States approximately 440,000 babies are born premature. These infants are at greater risk of death, and are more likely to suffer lifelong medical complications than full-term infants. Clinicians and researchers have made vast improvements in treating preterm birth; however, little success has been attained in understanding and preventing preterm birth. Understanding the complexity of interactions underlying preterm birth will be needed if further gains in outcomes are expected. The Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine sponsored a workshop to understand the biological mechanism of normal labor and delivery, and how environmental influences, as broadly defined, can interact with the processes of normal pregnancy to result in preterm birth. This report is a summary of the main themes presented by the speakers and participants.




Molecular Insights Into Development In Humans: Studies In Normal Development And Birth Defects


Book Description

The aim and scope of this book is to review current information on human development and processes of differentiation that have benefited from breakthrough analyses in stem cell biology, elucidation of genome and gene architecture and aspects of regulation of gene expression, analysis of signaling systems and transcription factor actions.Insights into actions of specific genes and their roles in development have been gathered through studies in patients with specific birth defects, including congenital malformations, metabolic defects and functional impairments.The book is organized into three sections, the first dealing with aspects of genomics, gene structure and regulation, analysis of signaling and function of specific organelles. The second section deals with molecular aspects of development of specific organs and structures such as, bone, face, brain, heart, liver, pancreas, kidney. The last section deals with specific malformations and tumors that provide insight into regulation of growth. Environmental factors that impact growth and development are also covered.




Congenital Diseases and the Environment


Book Description

This book explores some further concepts that have arisen from more recent perceptions of environmental effects and their possible interactions with living systems. The book is written by international experts and numerous case studies are given. Discussion and presentation of old and novel ideas is targeted at developing a more holistic and united perception of the interaction between congenital diseases and the environment.




Genes, Behavior, and the Social Environment


Book Description

Over the past century, we have made great strides in reducing rates of disease and enhancing people's general health. Public health measures such as sanitation, improved hygiene, and vaccines; reduced hazards in the workplace; new drugs and clinical procedures; and, more recently, a growing understanding of the human genome have each played a role in extending the duration and raising the quality of human life. But research conducted over the past few decades shows us that this progress, much of which was based on investigating one causative factor at a time—often, through a single discipline or by a narrow range of practitioners—can only go so far. Genes, Behavior, and the Social Environment examines a number of well-described gene-environment interactions, reviews the state of the science in researching such interactions, and recommends priorities not only for research itself but also for its workforce, resource, and infrastructural needs.