Knowledge Representation and Organization in Machine Learning


Book Description

Machine learning has become a rapidly growing field of Artificial Intelligence. Since the First International Workshop on Machine Learning in 1980, the number of scientists working in the field has been increasing steadily. This situation allows for specialization within the field. There are two types of specialization: on subfields or, orthogonal to them, on special subjects of interest. This book follows the thematic orientation. It contains research papers, each of which throws light upon the relation between knowledge representation, knowledge acquisition and machine learning from a different angle. Building up appropriate representations is considered to be the main concern of knowledge acquisition for knowledge-based systems throughout the book. Here machine learning is presented as a tool for building up such representations. But machine learning itself also states new representational problems. This book gives an easy-to-understand insight into a new field with its problems and the solutions it offers. Thus it will be of good use to both experts and newcomers to the subject.




Knowledge Representation and Organization in Machine Learning


Book Description

Machine learning has become a rapidly growing field of Artificial Intelligence. Since the First International Workshop on Machine Learning in 1980, the number of scientists working in the field has been increasing steadily. This situation allows for specialization within the field. There are two types of specialization: on subfields or, orthogonal to them, on special subjects of interest. This book follows the thematic orientation. It contains research papers, each of which throws light upon the relation between knowledge representation, knowledge acquisition and machine learning from a different angle. Building up appropriate representations is considered to be the main concern of knowledge acquisition for knowledge-based systems throughout the book. Here machine learning is presented as a tool for building up such representations. But machine learning itself also states new representational problems. This book gives an easy-to-understand insight into a new field with its problems and the solutions it offers. Thus it will be of good use to both experts and newcomers to the subject.










Logic-based Knowledge Representation


Book Description

This book explores the building of expert systems using logic for knowledge representation and meta-level inference for control. It presents research done by members of the expert systems group of the Department of Artificial Intelligence in Edinburgh, often in collaboration with others, based on two hypotheses: that logic is a suitable knowledge representation language, and that an explicit representation of the control regime of the theorem prover has many advantages. The editors introduce these hypotheses and present the arguments in their favor They then describe Socrates' a tool for the construction of expert systems that is based on these assumptions. They devote the remaining chapters to the solution of problems that arise from the restrictions imposed by Socrates's representation language and from the system's inefficiency. The chapters dealing with the representation problem present a reified approach to temporal logic that makes it possible to use nonstandard logics without extending the system, and describe a general proof method for arbitrary modal logics. Those dealing with the efficiency problem discuss the technique of partial evaluation and its limitations, as well as another possible solution known as assertion-time inference. Peter Jackson is a Senior Scientist in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Sciences at the McDonnell Douglas Research Laboratory in St. Louis. Han Reichgelt is a Lecturer in Department of Psychology at the University of Nottingham. Frank van Harmelen is a Research Fellow in the Mathematical Reasoning Group at the University of Edinburgh.




Exemplar-based Knowledge Acquisition


Book Description

Learning from past experiences is a fundamental element of intelligent behavior. An important organizing principle of such learning is that common experiences are collected into categories or cases. Despite its simple description, this principle is surprisingly difficult to implement computationally. This book describes the design, implementation, and experimental evaluation of the Protos knowledge acquisition system, a practical tool for the construction of knowledge-based programs. Protos is a case-based learning apprentice that learns by solving problems under the guidance of an expert teacher.




Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management. Methods, Models, and Tools


Book Description

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management, EKAW 2000, held in Juan-les-Pins, France in October 2000. The 28 revised full papers and six revised short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a high number of high-quality submissions. The book offers topical sections on knowledge modeling languages and tools, ontologies, knowledge acquisition from texts, machine learning, knowledge management and electronic commerce, problem solving methods, knowledge representation, validation, evaluation and certification, and methodologies.




Prediction and Analysis for Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning


Book Description

A number of approaches are being defined for statistics and machine learning. These approaches are used for the identification of the process of the system and the models created from the system’s perceived data, assisting scientists in the generation or refinement of current models. Machine learning is being studied extensively in science, particularly in bioinformatics, economics, social sciences, ecology, and climate science, but learning from data individually needs to be researched more for complex scenarios. Advanced knowledge representation approaches that can capture structural and process properties are necessary to provide meaningful knowledge to machine learning algorithms. It has a significant impact on comprehending difficult scientific problems. Prediction and Analysis for Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning demonstrates various knowledge representation and machine learning methodologies and architectures that will be active in the research field. The approaches are reviewed with real-life examples from a wide range of research topics. An understanding of a number of techniques and algorithms that are implemented in knowledge representation in machine learning is available through the book’s website. Features: Examines the representational adequacy of needed knowledge representation Manipulates inferential adequacy for knowledge representation in order to produce new knowledge derived from the original information Improves inferential and acquisition efficiency by applying automatic methods to acquire new knowledge Covers the major challenges, concerns, and breakthroughs in knowledge representation and machine learning using the most up-to-date technology Describes the ideas of knowledge representation and related technologies, as well as their applications, in order to help humankind become better and smarter This book serves as a reference book for researchers and practitioners who are working in the field of information technology and computer science in knowledge representation and machine learning for both basic and advanced concepts. Nowadays, it has become essential to develop adaptive, robust, scalable, and reliable applications and also design solutions for day-to-day problems. The edited book will be helpful for industry people and will also help beginners as well as high-level users for learning the latest things, which include both basic and advanced concepts.




Knowledge Management and Engineering with Decisional DNA


Book Description

This is the first book on experience-based knowledge representation and knowledge management using the unique Decisional DNA (DDNA) technology. The DDNA concept is roughly a decade old, and is rapidly attracting increasing attention and interest among researchers and practitioners. This comprehensive book provides guidelines to help readers develop experience-based tools and approaches for smart engineering of knowledge, data and information. It does not attempt to offer ultimate answers, but instead presents ideas and a number of real-world case studies to explore and exemplify the complexities and challenges of modern knowledge engineering issues. It also increases readers’ awareness of the multifaceted interdisciplinary character of such issues to enable them to consider – in different ways – developing, evaluating, and supporting smart knowledge engineering systems that use DDNA technology based on experience.




Machine Learning


Book Description

Multistrategy learning is one of the newest and most promising research directions in the development of machine learning systems. The objectives of research in this area are to study trade-offs between different learning strategies and to develop learning systems that employ multiple types of inference or computational paradigms in a learning process. Multistrategy systems offer significant advantages over monostrategy systems. They are more flexible in the type of input they can learn from and the type of knowledge they can acquire. As a consequence, multistrategy systems have the potential to be applicable to a wide range of practical problems. This volume is the first book in this fast growing field. It contains a selection of contributions by leading researchers specializing in this area. See below for earlier volumes in the series.