Book Description

Excerpt from On the Aniline or Coal Tar Colours The process of preparing nitrobenzol with a mixture of sulphuric acid and nitrate of sodium in place of nitric acid, may be carried on very well in this apparatus, pro vided sufficient sulphuric acid be employed to produce an acid sulphate of sodium, as this will be found quit uid at the close of the operation, and can be freely run out at the small outlet. A mixture of strong nitric acid and sulphuric acid is now usually employed for the con version of benzol into nitrobenzol. In working by this latter method the entire charge of benzol is first introduced though the large opening in the lid; this is then closed and the stirrer set moving; the nitric and sulphuric acids are then cautiously run in through the small pipes, care being taken not to add too much nitric acid, until the red fumes begin to appear. After all the charge of acids has been added, and the reaction has perfectly ceased, the product is drawn off. At first a mixture of sulphuric and nitric acids runs out, and then the nitrobenzol; this is collected separately and purified, first by agitation with water, and then rendered perfectly neutral by means of a dilute solution. Of soda. Should it contain any unconverted benzol this may be distilled off by means of steam. On the Continent manufacturers do not appear to have succeeded well in manufacturing nitrobenzol; when it first became a commercial article, their difficulty appears to have arisen from the fact that they experimented in earthenware vessels, which are both dangerous and unsuitable, and it was not until information was obtained from England, I believe, that they were able to produce this body at a moderate price. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works."