Low Temperature Propane Oxidation Over Co3O4 Based Nano-array Catalysts. Ni Dopant Effect, Reaction Mechanism and Structural Stability


Book Description

Low temperature propane oxidation has been achieved by Co3O4-based nano-array catalysts featuring low catalytic materials loading. The Ni doping into the Co3O4 lattice has led to enhanced reaction kinetics at low temperature by promoting the surface lattice oxygen activity. In situ DRIFTS investigation in tandem with isotopic oxygen exchange reveals that the propane oxidation proceeds via Mars-van Krevelen mechanism where surface lattice oxygen acts as the active site whereas O2 in the reaction feed does not directly participate in CO2 formation. The Ni doping promotes the formation of less stable carbonates on the surface to facilitate the CO2 desorption. The thermal stability of Ni doped Co3O4 decreases with increased Ni concentration while catalytic activity increases. A balance between enhanced activity and compromised thermal stability shall be considered in the Ni doped Co3O4 nano-array catalysts for low temperature hydrocarbon oxidation. This study provides useful and timely guidance for rational catalyst design toward low temperature catalytic oxidation.




Renewable Hydrogen Technologies


Book Description

The fields covered by the hydrogen energy topic have grown rapidly, and now it has become clearly multidisciplinary. In addition to production, hydrogen purification and especially storage are key challenges that could limit the use of hydrogen fuel. In this book, the purification of hydrogen with membrane technology and its storage in "solid" form using new hydrides and carbon materials are addressed. Other novelties of this volume include the power conditioning of water electrolyzers, the integration in the electric grid of renewable hydrogen systems and the future role of microreactors and micro-process engineering in hydrogen technology as well as the potential of computational fluid dynamics to hydrogen equipment design and the assessment of safety issues. Finally, and being aware that transportation will likely constitute the first commercial application of hydrogen fuel, two chapters are devoted to the recent advances in hydrogen fuel cells and hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines for transport vehicles. - Hydrogen from water and biomass considered - Holistic approach to the topic of renewable hydrogen production - Power conditioning of water electrolyzers and integration of renewable hydrogen energy systems considered - Subjects not included in previous books on hydrogen energy - Micro process technology considered - Subject not included in previous books on hydrogen energy - Applications of CFD considered - Subject not included in previous books on hydrogen energy - Fundamental aspects will not be discussed in detail consciously as they are suitably addressed in previous books - Emphasis on technological advancements - Chapters written by recognized experts - Up-to date approach to the subjects and relevant bibliographic references







Catalytic Combustion


Book Description

Catalytic combustion has been developed as a method of promoting efficient combustion over a wide range of air-to-fuel ratios with a minimum pollutant formation at low temperatures as compared to conventional flame combustion. In this book, the authors present current research in the study of catalytic combustion including commercial and industrial research in combustion and fluidisation engineering; the catalytic combustion of soot; using metal oxides to improve catalytic efficiency; catalytic combustion in the removal of pollutants from exhaust gases and in the energy conversion field and the catalytic combustion of methane using ceria-zirconia.